E UP HO RBI A OE^. 



171 



Antilles, and especially from the Bahamas. LiNNiEUS had confounded, 



under the name of C. Cascarilla, two perfectly distinct species. One 



is, according to BENifETT,^ the true C. Cascarilla ~ and comes from the 



Bahamas. The other, yielding a product of secondary quality, ^s 



not only found in these islands, but particularly in Cuba, and St. 



Domingo ; it is the C. lineare? C. Eluteria* a Bahama species, 



yields actually C. ojlcinalis, or Chacrille^ Eleutherian bark, whilst 



C. CascnriUa only fiu-nishes an insignificant quantity, contrary 



to what was formerly the case. C. pivens^" or C. halmnufcrum. 



from Martinique, a species whose leaves are nearly the same as 



Salvia^ furnish a sort of cascarilla, whose properties are analogous 



to those of C. officinalis; but it never comes now to Em-ope. C. lucidum '^ 



yields in Cuba the false Cascarilla of Bahama, and C. nioeus^ the 



Cascarilla of the Trinity, of Cuba, or Copalchi. The Cascarilla barks 



were at first praised as substitutes for cinchona ; but their febrifuge 



action seems to be very slight ; they are especially known as 



tonic, aperient, and antichlorotic. Their use is recommended in cases 



of dian'hoea of long standing, and they are employed in veterinary 



medicine to quicken the secretion of milk. Many other species of 



Croton have stimidant properties ; owing to being, like Cascarilla, rich 



in essences whose odour and vii'tues much resemble those observed in 



Lahiatce. C. grutissimiis * from the Cape, furnishes a choice perfume. 



On the borders of the Amazon, C. adijjutus^ and thiwifer ^'^ yield a 



sort of incense. In the Antilles, C. humilis is used to prepare 



aromatic baths. In Martinique, what is called Eau de Mantes 



1 Tn Jourit. LiiDt. Sor. iv. 30. 



2L. Spec. ed. 3, 1424 (part.).— M. Arc. Prodi: 

 616, n. 260. — Daniell, On the Cascarilla and 

 other Spec. . . ., in Fliarm. Jourii. sex. 2, iv. 

 144, 226, t. 3, fig. 1 (nee Lamk.). — C. cascaril- 

 loidts Geiskl. Mo/i. 8 (part.). — Ctutia Cascarilla 

 L. Spec. 1042 (part.). 



^ jAca. Amer. 257, t. 162. tig. 4. — Lamk. Diet. 

 ii. 204. — C. hippoph(itoUle.i K. Iticu. Cab. iii. 212. 

 — Clutia Cascarilla L. Amceii. v. 411. Distinct 

 from that Species which hears the same name 

 (vulg. Sau(/e du Port de la Paix). 



* Benn. /oc. cit. 29. — Daniell, loc. cit. 4, t. 1. 

 — M. Aho. Frudr. n. 8.— Clutia Eluteria, L. Spec. 

 1042 (part.). 



' L. AmoSH. V. 410. — M. Auo. Prodr. n. 253. — 

 C. balmmifer Jacci. — C. Jlic/iardi W. — C. mucro- 

 iiatits W. — C tomentosus Link. — C. padifolius 

 Geis. — C. Jtocciilosus Gels. — C. a.ilroites W. — C 

 ieprosM Spreng. — C. Cascarilla Lamk. Did. ii. 



203 (neo L.). Those stalks yield a balsamic 

 juice, with a slightly acrid and hitter taste (see 

 H. Bn. in Did. Encyd. Sc. Med. .xii. 757, n. 5.) 



'• L. Amoen. v. 410. — '". palleiis Hw'.—f. 

 spieatus Berg. — C. ffla>idiiliferns Vahl. C. 

 {AstncpiLi) Kookerianus H. Bn. [Eiiphorbiac, 

 363) ii a simple form. 



? JAca. Amer. 255, t. 162, fig. 2. — C. Si/riiiffec- 

 fiilim 11. B. K. — C. Psciido-China SniLCHTL, in 

 Limicta, iv. 84.— Lmn. Fl. Med. 180, n. 362.— 

 RosENTH. op. cit. 833. — Gum. op. cit. ii. 364. 

 Humboldt formerly wrongly attributed the 

 origin of Copalchi to C. sid/erosus H. B. K. 



' BuRCH. Trav. ii. 268. — Sond. in Liiina:a, 

 xxiii. 149. — RosENTH. op. cit. 835. — II. Bn. in 

 Adansoiiia. iii. 154. 



» II. B. K. ^'ov. Geii.d Spec. ii. 68.— M. Arq. 

 Prodr. n. U7. 



'" H. B. K.op. cit. ii. 70 {Ullucina). 



