208 



NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. 



masses, burut in tlie temples. The resin Jlouchi or Aracouchili, ob- 

 tained by incision in Guiana from the B. Aracoiichili^^ is kept fluid 

 for a longer time ; a balm is prepared from it serving for the treat- 

 ment of sores, and also emjiloyed as a cosmetic. There are a dozen 

 species of Idea cited as yielding nsefiil products, but their specific 

 autonomy is often far fi-om being proved." The Canarimns of the 

 old world are in the same case. C. mcmritlanitm ^ furnishes a resin 

 with an odour of turpentine and camphor, the bastard Colophane of 

 Madagascar ; the Gum Carana of Amboyna is attributed to C. Syl- 

 vestre ;* the resin of New Guinea with the odour of Elemi to C. zephj- 

 rhmm? In India and Java C. commune^^ whose green fruits are 

 purgative, gives by incision an oleo-resinous^ juice having, it is said, 

 the same properties as that of Copuifera. The Guruga pinnata^ of 

 India is used for tanning skins, as are a large number of Anacar- 

 dicce.^ Amongst these, the Sumachs are the best known in this 

 respect, especially the Tanning Sumach of the curriers (li/ms cori- 

 ((ria,^" and the Virginian S. {E. f//plt/mmi^^). The first grows 

 wild in the Mediterranean region, in dry warm and stony places ; 

 its leaves reduced to powder are employed for tanning and dyeing, 

 whilst its flattened acid and astringent fruits were formerly used as 

 a condiment. The latter is a native of North America, but is cul- 

 tivated in our parks and gardens ; it is used, though less often, for 

 the same purposes as the former. The fruit is acid and astringent, 



— 7. euneanditt AuiiL. ? — Protium decandnim 

 March, in Adnimoiiin, viii. 51. 



' AuiiL. Giiittii. i. 345, t. 133. — Guib. op. cit. 

 iii. 531. — LiNDL. Fl. Med. 172. — I. hcterophi/lla 

 DC. Priidr. ii. 77, n. 2. — Ami/ris /leternp/ii/Ua 

 W. fipec. ii. 335. — Protium Arncoucliili BIarch. 

 in Adtthsouia. viii. 51. 



^ RosENTH. op. cit. 8(53-8fio. 



' Colo/j/wiiia mauritiaiin Commers. (ex DC. 

 Prodr. ii. 79). — jlurscra paiiicidata Lamk. JJict. 

 ii. 768 [Gommart paiii(tt!e). 



* G.-EHTN. Frnct. ii. 99, t. 102.— DC. Prodr. 

 n. 2. — Camacoaii EtMPH. Herb. Amboiii. ii. t. 49. 



s Var. (?) du C. eommiiiie (DC). — Canary 

 Marat Rumph. loc. cit. t. 48. 



6 L. Mantiss. 127.— DC. Prodr. ii. 70, n. 1. 

 — Gum, op. cit. iii. 621. — Rosenth. op. cit. 8G6. 

 — LiNDL. Fl. Med. 170. — Kcen. in Ann. Bot. i. 

 260, t. 7.— Roxi). Fl. Lid. iii. 137.— March. 

 loc. cit. 53.. — Amyris zcT/laiiica Retz. Obs. iv. 25. 

 — liahamodendroi! 7.ti/laiiicitm DC. Prodr. ii. 76. 



^ This is said to be the Elemi of Eastern 

 India. 'J'lie other .■-pccios of Cmiarimn with 



resinous juice used, are C. bcngaJense Roxr. 

 Pimela K(EM strictum RoxB. Prr/itimiim Mia. 

 (JJavi'tnara nigra legitima Ri'MPH. loc. cit. t, 

 53). Voy. RosEKTH. op. cit. 866. 



8 RoxB. PI. Coromaiid. iii. t. 108. 



' Flnphriiim, joined to Burscra as a sec- 

 tion, jields in Mexico and the neighbour- 

 ing regions, the odorous stimulant Copals and 

 Elemis, employed as medicines and perfumes. 

 Such are : E. clemiferum RoYL. (Man. Mat. 

 Med. 1747); E. tomentosnm Jacq. [Am. 105, t. 

 71 ; — Nees tt Ererm. Kundb. iii. 130 ; — Liniil. 

 Fl. Med. 173), which yields a Tacamahae ; the 

 E. tomciito.'-iim H. B. K. producing a reddish 

 T. and the Acctillo of the Mexicans (B. Acetillo 

 IIandr.). 



'" L. Sptc. 379.— DuHAM. Arbr. <?d. 2, ii. t. 

 46.— Lldw. J?<;^ t. 122.— DC. Prodr. ii. 67, n. 

 4. — GuiR. op. cit. iii. 486. — Gke.n. et Godr. Fl. 

 de Fr. i. 340 [lioux, Corroyere, Vinafgrier) . 



" L. Spec. 380.— DuHAM. loc. cit. t. 47.— 

 GuiB. loc. cit. 187. — March. Aiwcard. 145. — 



HosEX'I'H. op. cit. 8i>l. 



