DicENTRA. fumariacej:. 45 



Order XI. FUMARIACE^E. DC. The Fumitory Tribe. 



Calyx of 2 small deciduous sepals. Petals 4, in pairs, one or both of the outer 

 ones spurred or sac-like at the base, the 2 inner ones callous and cohering at 

 the apex, enclosing the anthers and stigma. Stamens 6 ; filaments in two par- 

 cels jilaced opposite the outer petals ; the filaments of each set usually more 

 or less diadelphous ; middle anther of each set 2-celled ; lateral one with a 

 single cell. Ovary composed of 2 united capels, one-celled, with 2 parietal 

 placentae ; stigmas united,, often lobed or cuspidate, alternate with the inner 

 petals. Fruit usually a 2-valved, many-seeded, pod-like capsule of one cell ; 

 rarely 1 - 2-seeded and indehiscent. Seeds somewhat reniform or lenticular, 

 usually shining, and furnished with a cristate caruncle : albumen copious, 

 fleshy ; embryo minute, excentric. — Smooth annual or perennial, and often 

 glaucous herbs, with watery juice. Leaves alternate, dissected, without sti- 

 pules. Flowers in racemes or cymes. 



Fumariacca; arc reduced to a suborder of Papaveracca; by Lindley, Endiicher and others. The two lateral one-celled 

 stamens in each parcel are usually regarded as half-stamr ns, formed by the division of the two stamens which correspond 

 to the inner petals ; the true number being only 4, one to each petal. 



1. DICENTRA. Borclih.; Endl. gen. 'iSSB. Diclytra, Z>C. Diely tra, i/ooA. ; Torr. ^ Gr. 



[Name from the Greek, dis, double, and kentron, a spur. The original name of Borckhansen, Didytra, it appears was 



written incorrectly.] 



Exterior petals equally saccate or spurred at the base. Capsule pod-shaped, many-seeded. 

 Seeds lenticular, strophiolale. — Perennial herbs. Flowers (usually) on scapes: racemes 

 simple, the pedicels furnished with a pair of opposite bracteoles, or compound with the 

 divisions cymose. 



1. DicENTRA CucuLLARiA. Dutchman's Breeches. Breeches-Jloicer. 



Spurs divaricate, straight and rather acute ; wing of the inner petals short ; raceme simple, 

 4 - 10-flowered. — Diclytra Cucullaria, DC. si/st. 2. p. 118; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 35; 

 Darlingt.fl. Cest.p. 398 ; Torr. <^ Gr.fl. N. Am. I. p. 66. D. Canadensis, Borck. fide DC. 

 Fumaria Cucullaria, Linn. ^ Michx. jl. \.p. 51 ; Bot. mag. t. 1127. Corydalis Cucullaria, 

 Pers. syn. 2. p. 269 ; Pursh,fl. 2. p. 462 ; Bigel.fl. Bast. p. 263. 



Rhizoma not creeping, bulbiferous ; the bulbs formed of fleshy imbricated triangular scales 

 (the thickened and persistent bases of petioles, filled witli starch), mostly acuminate, reddish 



