76 VIOLACE^. Viola. 



lar, with a short beak; lower petals bearded. — Michx.fl. 2. p. 161 ; Ell. sk. 1. p. 300 ; 

 Schwein. I. c; Terr. Jl. 1. p. 249; Le Conte, I. c; Bigel.fi. Bost. p. 95 ; DC.prodr. 1. 

 p. 292 ; Hook.fi. Bor.-Am. \.p. 74 ; Darlingt.fi. Cest.p. 142; Torr. ^- Gr.fl. N. Am. 1. 

 p. 137. V. heterophylla, Leconte, I. c. 



Rhizoma thick. Leaves variable in form, lobing and degree of pubescence ; sometimes 

 (particularly the first that expand) entire, often palmate and entire on the same plant, at other 

 times dilated and reniform, very rarely almost smooth : petioles 3-8 inches long. Scapes 

 at first longer, but finally shorter than the leaves : stipules very small, lanceolate, denticulate. 

 Flowers middle-sized, bright blue, sometimes pale, rarely almost white. 



Woods, usually in rather moist situations. May. 



3. Viola cucullata, Ait. Hood-leaved Violet. 



Plant glabrous, or rarely somewhat pubescent ; leaves reniform-cordate, somewhat acute, 

 usually rolled in at the base, crenately serrate ; stigma triangular-capitate, margined ; lower 

 petals bearded.— Ait. Kew. 3. p. 288 ; PiirsJi, fi. I. p. 172 ; Bigel.fl. Bost. p. 60 ; Ell. sk. 

 l.p. 298; Schwein. I. c; Torr. fi. I. p. 251 ; Le Conte, I. c; DC. jjrodr. 1. p. 292; Hook. 

 fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 75. V. papilionacea, Pursh, I. c; DC. I. c; Torr. ^ Gr. fi. N. Am. 1. 

 p. 137. V. obliqua. Ait. L c; Schwein. I. c; Torr. I. c. V. affinis, Leconte, I. c. 



Rhizoma thick. Whole plant usually smooth. Leaves sometimes nearly plane, varying 

 in size and height. Flowers middle-sized, bright violet-blue or pale. Spur rounded, short. 



Very common in moist low grounds. Fl. Latter part of April to May. — This species 

 strongly resembles the entire-leaved form of V. palmata, and can only be distinguished by its 

 almost entire smoothness, undivided leaves, and by the somewhat different form of the stigma. 

 It may prove to be a variety of that plant. 



4. Viola Selkirkii, Goldie. Selkirk's Violet. 



Leaves cordate, crenately serrate, minutely hairy above, smooth underneath, the sinus deep 

 and nearly closed ; stigma triangular, margined, with a distinct beak ; spur nearly as long as 

 the lamina, thick, very obtuse. — Goldie in Edin. phil.jovr. 6. p. 319; Hook. fi. Bor.-Am. 

 p. 75 ; Torr. ^ Gr. fi. N. Am. p. 137. 



Rhizoma somewhat creeping. Leaves numerous, forming a small radical tuft ; lamina an 

 inch broad, somewhat acute or obtuse. Peduncles shorter than the leaves. Flowers much 

 smaller than in V. cucullata ; petals pale blue, obovate ; spur very conspicuous, somewhat 

 dilated at the extremity. 



Woody hill-sides in the western part of the State, particularly in Oneida county {Dr. Gray). 

 A well marked, but rare species. 



