Artemisia. COMPOSITE. 395 



^2. Abrotanum, Toiirn. Receptacle naked (not hairy) : heads heterogamous ; the flowers all fertile. 



3. Artemisia vulgaris, Linn. Mugwort. 



Perennial, erect ; leaves wliitish-tomentose undernealh ; the cauline pinnatifid, with the 

 lobes either laciniate, incised, coarsely serrate, or entire ; the uppermost nearly linear and 

 entire ; heads spicate-paniculate, ovoid, nodding, at length erect ; the panicle leafy and 

 spreading ; exterior scales of the involucre canescently tomentose, the inner scarious ; corolla 

 smooth {Bess, in Hook. Jl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 322). — Linn. sp. 2. p. 848 ; Engl. hot. t. 978 ; 

 Michx. Jl. 2. p. 128 ; Pursh, ft. 2. p. 522 ; Nutt. gen. 2. p. 144 ; DC. prodr. 6. p. 112 ; 

 Torr. ^- Gr. Jl. N. Am. 2. p. 421. A. heterophylla, Nutt. in trans. Amer. phil. soc. (n. s.) 

 7. p. 400. 



var. vulgatissima : lobes of the leaves linear-lanceolate, the lower scarcely incisely toothed ; 

 panicle ample, erect. Bess. I. c. ; Torr. <^ Gr. I. c. 



Stem 2-3 feet high, sufTruticose, much branched, furrowed. Leaves 2-4 inches long 

 and 1-2 inches broad ; the lobes coarsely incised and acute, green above, clothed with dense 

 white wool underneath. Heads sessile. Scales of the involucre woolly. 



Old fields, road sides and waste places ; northern and western parts of the State ; natural- 

 ized in many places. September - October. This plant, though bitter, is eaten by cattle 

 and sheep, and is said to be used in Sweden as a substitute for hops in the preparation of beer. 



Subtribe V. Gnaphalie.e, Less. Heads homogamous or heterogamous, discoid ; the Jlotuers 

 all tubular; the j)istillate mostly Jertile. Anthers caudate at the base. Style in the 

 perfect Jlowers with the branches 720t appendiculate ; in the staminate mostly undivided. 

 Pappus composed of capillary or setaceous bristles, or soinelimes none. — Leaves mostly 

 alternate. 



CONSPECTUS OF THE GENEllA. 



* Receptacle not chaffy. 



35. GNAPt'ALiCM. Heads heterogamous ; the central flowers perfect, the marginal filiform. Pappus all capillary. 



36. AuTENNABiA. Heads dioecious. Pappus of the sterile flowers clavatc or thickened at the apex. 



•* Receptacle chaffy, except in the centre. 



37. FiirAGO. Heads heterogamous ; the exterior flowers pistillate, filiform, subtended by the chafl" of the receptacle, 



without a pappus ; the central flowers with a pappus. 



35. GNAPHALIUM. Linn. ; Endl. gen. 2761. CUDWEED. 



[ From the Greek, gruipkalon, soft down or wool, with which most of the species arc clothed.] 

 Heads many-flowered, heterogamous ; the flowers all tubular ; the exterior pistillate, very 

 slender, mostly in several series ; the central perfect. Scales of the involucre imbricated, 

 appressed, scarious or somewhat hyaline. Receptacle flat, naked. Style 2-cleft. Achenia 



50* 



