504 APPENDIX. 



PARUS CAROLINENSIS. 



Carolina Titmouse. 



Parus Carolinensis AUD. Orn. Biog.; 1834, 341. 



SP. CH. Precisely like alricapil/us, described on page 30, excepting that usually the lice of demarkation between the 

 black and white of breast is more decided, and the size is smaller. 



Observations. Resident from Virginia, southward. DIMENSIONS. Length, 4'50; stretch, 7'00; wing, 2'45; tail, 2 25; 

 bill, '30; tarsus, -50. Nests and Eggs, similar to those of the Black-cap, but the latter are usually, but not always, smaller. 



HABITS. 



Although I was, at one time, not inclined to consider the Carolina Tit as a species, 

 upon becoming more familiar with the bird, I have decided to give it specific rank, for it 

 appears to differ considerably in habits from the northern species, even when it is found 

 with them. The Carolina Titmouse has a more feeble call note than that given by the 

 Black-cap, though it is a little harsher, but both sing equally well and, as far as I can per- 

 ceive, nearly alike. The present bird, however, is not as active nor as tame, neither is it 

 as vociferous as the Black-cap, and I never found it in large flocks. In breeding habits, 

 the two species are quite similar and the eggs of each are deposited about the same time. 



PARUS HUDSONICUS. 



Hudsonian Titmouse. 

 Parus Hudsonicus Fors., Philos. Trans.; 1772. 



SP. Cn. Form, robust. Size, small. COLOR. Adult. Upper parts, yellowish-hrown, becoming darker on crown. 

 Sides of head and lower surface, white, tinged with chestnut on sides, and with patch on throat sooty-brown. Iris, brown; 

 bill, black; feet, bluish. Youny and Nest/ings. Quite similar but paler than adults. 



Observations. Known by the brown head. Breeds from Northern New England, northward, wandering a littlesouth- 

 ward in winter, rarely to Massachusetts. DIMENSIONS. Length, 5'25; stretch, 7' 10; wing. 2'60; tail, 2' 40; bill, '35; tarsus, '65. 

 Nests and Eyys. NESTS, placed in holes of trees, composed of hair, feathers, etc. EGGS, six to ten in number, rather 

 spherical in form, white in color, finely spotted with reddish-brown. Dimensions from '50 x '60 to '53 x '66. 



HABITS. 



I found the Hudsonian Titmice very common about Errol, New Hampshire, late in 

 autumn, when they have similar habits to the Black-caps, excepting that the note is short- 

 er and harsher, and is easily recognized. Some years after, near th<: fifteenth of July, I 

 met with them on the Magdalen Islands; then the parents were accompanied by the newly 

 fledged young, and the little families behaved almost exactly as I have seen the Black- 

 caps under similar circumstances, the young uttering a continuous begging note, as they 

 flew after the adults. This species deposits its eggs about the second week in May. 



SITTA CANADENSIS. 



Red-bellied Nuthatch. 



Silta Canadensis Linn., Syst. Nat; 17H6, 177, 



%Si>. CH. Form, slender. Size, small. COLOR. Adult mule. Above, ashy-blue, becoming brown on wings. Top of 

 head, line through eye, and base of tail, black. Superciliary line, subterminal band on tail, excepting on central feathers 

 which are bluish throughout, and beneath, white, tinged on breast, sides and flanks with reddish. Adult female, similar, 

 but the crown is tinged with slaty. In winter, lower parts, suffused with deep yellowish-red. Wesi/inys. Like summer 

 female but more ashy on crown. Iris and feet, brown; bill, black, bluish at bae of lower mandible. 



Observations. Known by the small size and reddish tints beneath. Breeds from Northern New England, northward. 

 Winters in the South. DIMENSIONS. Length, 4'60; stretch, 8'40; wing, 2'70; tail, 1-50; bill, -60; tarsus, '55. 



Nests and Eyy*. NESTS, placed in holes of trees, composed of fine grass. EGGS, four to sis in number, oval in form, 

 white in color, spotted and dotted with reddish-brown. Dimensions from '50 x '60 to '55 x '64. 



HABITS. 



The Red-bellied Nuthatches, although not rare birds, appear to be somewhat irregu- 

 larly distributed, especially during the migrations. Thus I have found them very common 

 in certain portions of Newton, in September of somo years, and then, perhaps, I would 

 not find a specimen in the same localities for several seasons, while they would occur plen- 

 tifully in other districts. These birds emit a harsh note, not unlike that of the White-bellied, 



