APPENDIX. 513 



local in distribution, ;is they brood in colonies; and in the settled districts, they place their 

 Bmgnlar, globular-shaped nests under the eaves of buildings. They arrive later than tbe 



majority of the Swallows and are noticeably the slowest of flight. The note is a ruther 

 harsh twitter and is not as musical as that of the Barn Swallow, but is enlivening whuti 

 heard about the farm buildings. 



AMPELK3 GARRULUS. 

 Bohemian Wax- wing. 



Ampelis yarrulus Linn., S.vst. Nat.. 1; 1766, 297. 



Si-. CH. Form, robust. Size, large. Color. Adult. Yellowish-brown throughout, becoming chestnut-red on fore- 

 licail and sides of head, ashy on rum|> and upper tail coverts, yellowish on abdomen, and darkest on wings and tail. Sec- 

 ondaries tipped on outer wel>s with white, and centrally, with red sealing-wax-like expansions. Primaries, broadly tip- 

 ped on outer webs with yellow, tail, also tipped with yellow. Forehead, line through eye, cliin, and upper throat, black. 

 l'nder tail coverts, chestnut. Youny. Similar but duller, and the sealing-wax tippings are absent. 



Qlisi-r rations. This species varies in plumage like the Cedar Bird, but differs from other of our Oscines in having the 

 tympaniform membrane represented by a narrow line and in having no sterno-trachealis proper; in its place, however, is a 

 weak, transparent muscle which arises between the divisions of the broncho-trachealis and joins the tissue* of the neck. 

 Known by the large size and chestnut lower tail coverts. Breeds in the far North; winters in the North-we;t; rare as far 

 east as Massachusetts. DIMENSIONS. Length, 8-00; stretch, 13'75; wing, 4'50; tail, 2'60; bill, '45, tarsus, '70 



HABITS. 



Although the Bohemian Waxwings were obtained in considerable numbers in New 

 York, during the winter of 1879-80, they are quite rare birds so far east, yet they have 

 been taken in Massachusetts. They occur quite regularly in Minnesota, however, where 

 they are known as Hoopes. 



VIREO PHILADELPHIA. 



Philadelphia Vireo. 



Virto Philadelphia CASS., lr. A. N. ; 1851, 153. 



SP. Cu. Form, slender. Size, small. Color. Adult. Above, brownish-green, l>c,coiiiing ashy on crown and si.lesof 

 head and brown on win^s; superciliary line and beneath, whitish, becoming sulphury-yellow on breast and sides. Youny, 

 similar, but duller above and more yellow beneath. 



Observations. Known by the small size and absence of spurious quill. Bree- Is from Maine, northward; winters south 

 of our limits. DIMENSIONS. Length, 4'80; wing, 2'65; tail, 2-20; bill '54; tarsus, -65. 



HABITS. 



This pretty, little Vireo is quite common in Pennsylvania during migrations, and has 

 been taken in Massachusetts, and it has recently been ascertained by Mr. Brewster, to 

 breed in Northern Maine. In general habits, the Philadelphia Vireo resembles the War- 

 bling, but *he song is somewhat like that of the Red-eye. 



VIREO GILVUS. 

 Warbling Vireo. 

 Vireo gilvus Bon., Obs. Wils.; Ift25. 



Sr. Cu. Form, slender. Size, medium. COLOR. Adult. Brownish-green above, becoming ashy on crown and dark- 

 e-t on wind's and tail, with superciliary line and beneath, white tinged with greenish on side. Iris and bill, brown, and 

 feet, bluish. Yjuny, similar, but duller above and greener beneath. 



Observations. See above for comparison with nearest ally. Occurs in summer from Pennsylvania to Maine; wintering 

 south of our limits. DIMENSIONS. Length, 5'55; stretch, -<K>; wing, 2'70: tail, 2'20: bill, '47; tarsus, -74. 



Nats anrl Eijijf. NK>TS, placed in trees, composed of mosse<, strips of bark, etc. EGGS, three or four in numlicr, oval 

 in limn, white in color, finely spotted with black. Dimensions from -53x '75 to - 56x '83. 



HABITS. 



The Warbling Vireo is, next to the Red-eye, the best known of the genus in our sec- 

 tion, for it frequents the streets of villages and public parks of cities in preference to tin- 

 more unsettled districts. It can be easily recognized by the song which is a continuous 

 warble, quite diU'erent from that of the other Vireos. Their favorite nesting tree is the 

 poplar, and their domiciles are often him-- at a considerable height from the ground. This 

 species arrives early in May and departs in September. 



