APPENDIX. 517 



HABITS. 



The White-crowned Sparrows are not common cither in spring or fall in Massachu- 

 setts, hni arc quite abundant in Pennsylvania and westward when migrating. In general 

 habits they resemble the White-throated Sparrows, but breed from Labrador, northward. 

 The song is, however, quite different, being short, loud, and clear. 



GUIRACA LUDOVICIANA. 



Rose-breasted Grosbeak. 

 Guiraca ludoviciana Sw., Phil. Mag., I; )H7, 438. 



Si-. Cn. P. >rm, robust. Size. 1 sir no. Color. Adult male. Head and neck all around, and upper parts, black, with 

 mi, Idle wini: coverts spot" on tertiaries, patch on inner webs of outer tail feathers, greater wing coverts, rump, upper tail 

 coverts siml Iiciieatli, white. Triangular patch on breast, SJinetimes extending from throat to middle of body, under wing 

 coverts, and axillnries, bright rosy-red. Female, brown above streaked with yellowish, with central stripe on head, super- 

 cilisiry line, spots on UTtinries :;ml secondaries, tipsof'wing coverts and beneath, ashy, the last being strenked with brown. 

 The under wing coverts are salmon. Youny. Similsir to female but the males have the rose-colored under wing coverts. 



Observations, liivoiini/ed by the large size and highly colored under wing coverts. Breeds from Pennsylvania to 

 Canada; winters south of our limits. DIMENSIONS. Length, 6-00; stretch, 12'75; wing, 4'00; tail, 3' 10; bill, '65, tarsus, 75. 

 Nesti and R/i/s NESTS, placed in trees or bushes, composed of small twigs and grass. EGGS, four or five in number, 

 oval in form, bluish-green in color, spotted and blotched with brown and lilac. Dimensions from '(W x '9-2 to '75 x 1 110. 



HABITS. 



The song of the Rose-breasted Grosbeak is very fine and, when once heard, can be 

 easily recognized. These birds are remarkably unsuspicious, allowing one to approach 

 quite near them without exhibiting any fear. This is especially noticeable in the females 

 when sitting, and I once turned a nest completely upside down, while bending down a 

 branch on which it was placed, and righted it again, without the old bird leaving it. These 

 Grosbeaks are fond of deeply wooded glens but are occasionally found in orchards. The 

 nest is often placed in a thicket near water. 



GUIRACA CCERULEA. 



Blue Grosbeak. 



Guiraca azrulea Sw., Birds Mex.; 1827. 



SP. CH. Korm, slender. Size, small. Color. Adult male. Brilliant blue throughout, darkest on b:ick. Space a- 

 round bill, black, and two bands on winits, reddish-brown. Femtilc, yellowish-brown becoming lighter beneath and faint- 

 ly tinged with bluish on cro n aiid the young are similar. 



Observation*. Known by th large size and uniform blue or brown color. Breeds from Pennsylvania southward; win- 

 tering south of our limits. DIMENSIONS. Length, 7'25; stretch, 1T50; wing, 3'50; tail, 2'80; bill, '58; tarsus, -95. 



Nests and Eyys. NESTS, placed in trees, composed of strips of bark, grass, otc. EGGS, three or four in numlx-i-, oval in 

 form, and pale bluish-green in color. Dimensions from '60x P 90 to '65 x '98. 



HABITS. 



The Blue Grosbeak breeds in the South and is only accidental in New England, a 

 specimen having been obtained some years ago in Maine, and one during the pass sum- 

 mer, (1880) by Mr. Gordon Plunimer, near his residence in Brookline. I have never seen 

 a living specimen of this fine bird. 



HELOSPIZA LINCOLN!. 



Lincoln's (Sparrow. 



Helas/,iza Lincolni BD., Birds. N. A.; 1858, 177 



Sr. C'n Korm. slender. Size, small. COLOR. Adult. Above and on sides, yellowish-ash becoming buff in a band 

 aoro< breast and on under wing and tail coverts and rufous on two bands on crown; streaked with dark- brown. Koinsiiii- 

 der of umler pi>rts. white. Yimny. Similar but with the colors below darker. 



Clarrrationf. Keeognizi-d by the huffhsind across breast. Occurs in summer from IfMMtthnMfH, north and west. 

 Winters south of our limits. DIMENSIONS. Length, 5'59; stretch, 8'75; wing. 2 65; tail, 2'(l(); bill, -15; tarsus, 7">. 



II A HITS 



Lincoln's Sparrows aro not common, as a rule, in New England, but occur regularly in 

 certian localities; thus, they are not uncommon near the Fresh Pond marshes, Cambridge , 



