SCALE-WINGED INSECTS 



319 



wings, thick, tapering bodies, and the antennae 

 thickest in the middle. The pink, greenish- 

 striped ELEPHANT HAWK-MOTH (see page 718) 

 is a comparatively small species. The speci- 

 mens measure about 2\ inches across the wings. 

 Some species are much larger. The DEATH'S- 

 HEAD HAWK-MOTH, whose caterpillar feeds on 

 potato-leaves, is 5 or 6 inches in expanse ; and 

 some of the South American species measure 

 as much as 9 inches. The caterpillars of the 

 hawk-moths are generally green, often with 

 oblique lines of a different colour on the sides. 

 They are not hairy, though the skin is some- 

 times rough, and there is a fleshy appendage, 

 called a " horn," on the back, just before the 

 extremity of the body. The brown pupae 

 are found in cells in the ground. 



The CHINESE 

 MULBERRY-SILK- 

 WORM, which pro- 

 duces most of the 

 silk of commerce, 



that kj E. C. Altinim 



Photo by J. Edwards. Colesbornt 



LARGE GRIZZLED 

 SKIPPER BUTTERFLY 



t'pptr- and under-sldes 



commercial purposes. The 

 caterpillars are generally more 

 or less spiny or tufted. Some 

 of the moths have long tails 

 on the hind wings, like swallow- 

 tailed butterflies, and there 

 are several species in South 

 Europe, South Africa, the East 

 Indies, and North America of 

 a beautiful sea-green colour. 

 It will be noticed that the 

 specimens represented on page 

 718 have the tails a little 

 broken, which is a very com- 

 mon accident with swallow- 

 tailed butterflies and moths. 

 We may also notice the round 



ORANGE-TIP 



Showing three different positions ivhen wings are folded, and partly 

 or entirely concealing upper <wing 



is a smooth, 



whitish caterpillar, about 2 inches long, with a horn. It is 

 often reared in England on lettuce. The moth is a sluggish, 

 stout-bodied insect. It is whitish, with two dusky stripes on the 

 fore wings. The pupa is enclosed in an oval whitish or yellow 

 cocoon of pure silk. 



The EMPEROR-MOTHS, of which there is only one species 

 in England, likewise spin large cocoons, sometimes used for 



M.I. tf W. P. Danj,, F.Z.S. 



SWALLOW-TAILED BUTTERFLY 



