xxvi Biographical Sketch of 



various parts of the country, Pettenkofer wells (as they are called) were sunk, and data of 

 observations regarding the fluctuations of subsoil-water were recorded. At this time, also, 

 he was summoned to Bombay, to assist in the investigation of the nature of the famine 

 fever there, upon which subject he published two reports. At the end of this year, he 

 obtained fifteen months' leave of absence, six months of which he passed on the Continent 

 of Europe, working in the pathological laboratories of Berlin, ])resden, Prague, Vienna, 

 Munich, and Strasburg, meeting, amongst others, his old friend von Pettenkofer, De Bary, 

 Klebs, Strieker, Kecklinghausen, and the great pathologist Professor Virchow, whose 

 demonstrations he constantly attended, and by whom he was most kindly received. 



In 1879 he married, and, at once starting for India, reached Calcutta in November of 

 that year. 



In 1880 Dr. J. M. Cuningham, the Sanitary Commissioner, having been made 

 Surgeon-General with the Grovernment of India, required the help of Dr. Lewis in the 

 secretarial work, and accordingly the latter accompanied the Grovernment to Simla, from 

 which station, during the ensuing hot season, he made journeys to various places to 

 investigate the pathology of enteric fever; and, although he published no reports on this 

 subject, he has left many manuscript observations, and valuable photographic represen- 

 tations of the intestinal lesions, printed by the Autotype Company. 



In 1881 he published a very comprehensive memorandum on "Indian Jail Diets"; 

 and, in 1882, a report on the cholera-outbreak at Aden of the previous year. 



In 1883 he was offered and accepted the post of Assistant-Professor of Pathology at 

 Netley, and at once proceeded to England, which he reached in the month of March, 

 receiving on his arrival a letter of thanks from the Secretary of State for India, in which 

 the important work he had done for India was fully recognised. 



On reaching Netley, to be associated in his work with his old friend and teacher Pro- 

 fessor Aitken, he was distressed to find the latter seriously ill with acute nephritis, and at 

 once took upon himself the whole of Dr. Aitken's duties for that session, preparing such a 

 course of lectures on pathology as is required for the surgeons on probation at Netley, and, 

 ill addition, conducting his own work in the microscopical class. In the use of the micro- 

 scope Lewis was facile princeps, and the processes of staining and counter-staining tissue 

 he had literally " at his fingers' ends." He introduced for the first time into this course at 

 Netley practical instruction in the methods of bacteriological inquiry, having previously 

 obtained and arranged the necessary apparatus for all kinds of cultivation experiments 

 with which he had become familiar by, his work in India. 



At the International Sanitary Conference held at Amsterdam in 1883, and again at 

 the more important Conference at Kome in 1885, Sir Joseph Fayrer and Dr. Lewis were 

 selected by the Indian Government as its representatives ; and, by their energetic opposi- 

 tion to the assertion that cholera could be shown to have been imported from India into 

 Europe, they were largely instrumental in securing the adoption of less vexatious 

 quarantine restrictions by the Congress than would otherwise have been the case. 



When Koch's theory of a comma-shaped bacillus was put forth as the cause of cholera, 



