PART II.] Description of Specimens of the Dark Variety. 363 



the darker patches containing small black granules, the muscular tissue very dark 

 in colour. No section was made through the bones, but they did not appear to 

 be diseased. In the Tibio-astragaloid joint there were some flakes of lymph, but 

 the articular surfaces were smooth and bright." 



The lower part of the tibia was softened and the cancellated tissue pinkish, 

 especially beneath the cartilage. The shaft was dense, normal in texture, and 

 apparently healthy. The structure of the os calcis and the astragalus was generally 

 very dense. The posterior portion of the astragalo-tibial articular surface was excavated 

 and occupied by masses of black substance ; there was also a cavity in the anterior 

 part of the os calcis of the size of a small bullet, which was bounded by some very 

 open bone texture. The cartilaginous portion of the os calcis was also eroded and 

 the space occupied by black matter ; but the cartilage was not affected to the same 

 extent as the bones, so that projecting portions of it bridged over the hollow occupied 

 by the black matter. 



The remaining tarsal bones were softened so as to be cut with ease with a 

 scalpel, and in some places the texture was much softened and opened out. 



The pad of fat usually found between the tendo Achilles, and the posterior 

 surface of the tibia surrounding the deep tendons, was completely converted into 

 a mass of black matter continuous with that in the astragalus and os calcis. The 

 deep tendons, although surrounded by this material, were unaffected and perfectly 

 healthy. 



The muscular tissue also was wholly unaffected. 



There were various , mammillated openings leading into cavities containing black 

 granules on the surface of the foot and ankle. 



On making sections through the skin of the foot, numerous perfectly isolated 

 collections of black granules like grains of coarse gunpowder, were found to occupy 

 the loculi in the subcutaneous cellular tissue usually occupied by fat. In some an 

 entire lobule of fat appeared to have been converted into a black mass and surrounded 

 by a distinct firm capsule, and in others the lobules were only partially affected — a 

 few black grains, each invested with a capsule, lying among the clusters of cells 

 of the unchanged fatty tissue. This condition will be more minutely described in 

 a subsequent chapter (Chapter VII, page 366). 



Specimen III. — A hand amputated about 3 inches above the radio-carpal articulation. 

 The cut ends of the two bones of the forearm are unaffected. There are several openings 

 on the dorsal surface of the hand — front of the wrist, on the ball of the thumb, and a 

 few along the line of the superficial palmar arch. The hand is swollen and peculiarly 

 distorted, as may be seen from the engraving (Fig. 10). The fingers are not themselves 

 distorted, but are flexed and turned outwards owing to the action of the flexor muscles 

 being continued subsequent to the disorganisation of the carpal bones. The nails are 

 unaffected. 



A section was made by means of a scalpel in a line extending from the space between 



