for a large amount of material from that country. The late Mr. W. 

 M. Maskell before his death very kindly sent specimens of many of 

 his species and also an almost complete set of his publications 

 on the Coccidae. I am also under obligations to Dr. L. Zehntner of 

 Java for copies of his finely illustrated papers on scale insects as 

 well as for examples of his species ; to Mr. E. E. Green who has 

 been especially generous in sending specimens of every species of 

 Chionaspis known to occur in Ceylon ; to Dr. L. O. Howard who has 

 allowed me every opportunity to study the collection in the Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture and also given me much valuable information, 

 and to Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell who has rendered much assistance 

 by sending numerous specimens and by giving valuable information 

 from time to time. Much credit is due Miss Ida J. Russell who has 

 spent many patient hours preparing and mounting these scale insects 

 and has become very proficient in the work. I wish to express my 

 sincere appreciation of the assistance in my studies and in the prep- 

 aration of this paper, given by Prof. C. H. Fernald, and also of his 

 energy and success in obtaining specimens and literature on the 

 Coccidae as well as for valuable advice and suggestions. 



SCALE-INSECTS BY MAIL. 



A few words should be said upon the danger of sending scale 

 insects by mail. There is comparatively little danger of the forma- 

 tion of new colonies of scale insects by immature females on detached 

 leaves or branches as these soon wither and die and the scale insects 

 attached to them perish. I have repeatedly received insects in this 

 condition and they soon died and shriveled up. The case is entirely 

 different, however, when scales enclosing eggs or mature viviparous 

 females are sent. Species of the subfamily Diasphiae and also of 

 the genus Lecanmm have frequently been sent to me in the egg 

 stage and in a great many cases, sometimes many weeks after they 

 were received, these eggs hatched, often in great numbers, and the 

 young larvae were seen crawling about over my desk. Mature vivip- 

 arous females sometimes give birth to young even after the detached 

 twigs to which they are clinging have begun to wither and die. 

 There is therefore great danger that injurious scale insects may be 

 introduced into new localities through the medium of the mails. 



