BOBSB MANUKE AND FARM-YARD MANURE. 51 



Stockard gives the amount of urine voided by a horse in a year 

 ai 3.000 lbs. ; a cow, 8,000 lbs. ; sheep, ;W0 lbs. ; pig, 1,200 lbs. 



Dr. Vuileker, at the liuyal Agrieultural College, at Cirencester, 

 England, made some valualile investigations in regard to the com- 

 position of farm-yard manure, and the changes which take place 

 during fermentation. 



The manure was composed of horse, cow, and pig dung, mixed 

 with the straw used for bedding in tbe stalls, pig-pens, sheds, etc 



On the 3d of November, 1854, a sample of what Dr. Voelckei 

 calls " Fresh Long Dung," was taken from the " manure-pit " foi 

 anal}'sis. It had Iain in the pit or heap about 14 days. 



The following is the result of the an:dysis : 



FRESH FARM-YARD M.VNURE. 



HALF A TON, OK 1,000 I,1«S. 



Water 661.7 lbs. 



Organic matter 2s'2.4 " 



Ash 55.9 " 



1,0(W).0 lbs. 

 Nitrogen 6.43 " 



" Before you go any farther," said the Deacon, " let me under- 

 stand what these figures mean ? Do you mean that a ton of 

 manure contains only 12J lbs. of nitrogen, and 111 lbs. of ash, and 

 that all the rest is carbonaceous matter and water, of little or no 

 value " ? — " That is it precisely. Deacon," said I, " and further- 

 more, a large part of the ash has very little fertilizing value, as 

 will be seen from the following : 



DETAILED COMPOSITION OF THE ASH OF FRESH BARN-TARD MANUBB. 



Soluble silica 21..59 



Insoluble silicious matter (sand) 10.04 



Phosphate of lime 5.35 



Oxide of iron, alumina, with phosphate 8.47 



Containing phospheric acid 3.18 



Lime 21.31 



Magnesia 376 



Potash 12104 



Soda 1.30 



Chloride of sodium 0.54 



Sulphuric acid I.49 



Carbonic acid and loss *. .". 15.11 



100.00 

 Nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash, are the most valuable in- 

 gredients in manure. It will be seen that a ton of fresh barn-yard 

 manure, of probabiy good average quality, contains: 



Nitrosren 12} lbs. 



- Phosphoric acid 6i " 



Potash 13i '« 



