296 



REMOUNT SYSTEMS OF FOREIGN ARMIES. 



the entire width of the wall and margin of sole. All but the heavy hind 

 shoes with calks can be altered in a cold state, as a rule ; and these can be 

 also altered to some extent without heating them, when alteration is 

 necessary. 



Instruction 5. — How to nail on a shoe safely and securely. 



Note. — The shape of the nail is to be explained and the reasons for the 

 bevel at the point insisted upon, in order to prevent the nail from entering 

 the sensitive parts of the foot. The mode of driving the nails ; height to 

 which they should be driven in the horn ; their direction — toe nails lightly 

 forward, so as to include more of the fibers of the wall ; when all are 

 inserted, how they should be driven home and drawn up at ends (with 

 the fore feet toe nails first, and firmly; heel nails last, and lightly). 



Instruction 6. — How to finish shoeing. 



Note. — Laying down and embedding the ends of the nails, or ' ' clinching, " 

 to be taught ; and the necessity for the clinches being strong, and pro- 

 jecting as little as possible beyond the wall, especially on the inside of the 

 hoofs. 



The surface of the wall not to be rasped except round the edges between 

 it and the shoe. 



It is desirable, if possible, to acquaint the men under instruction with 

 the structure of the horse's foot, even should the instruction be very 

 elementary, the hoof being the chief subject for consideration. 



How to fasten a loose shoe ; how to make a hind shoe fit a front foot, 

 and vice versa, on an emergency ; how to remedy too fine or too coarse 

 nail holes ; and how to act when a nail has been accidently driven into or 

 too near the quick, should also be taught. 



HORSES, COBS, AND MULES PURCHASED BY GREAT BRITAIN BETWEEN OCTOBER 

 1, 1899, AND MAY 31, 1901. 



Country. 



Horses. Cobs. Total. Mules 



Great Britain 



Ireland 



Argentina 



United States of America. 



Canada 



Australia 



Hungary 



Italy..: 



Spain 



Cyprus 



35, 197 

 7,372 



10, 647 

 3,664 

 7,118 

 6, 945 



3,149 

 4,147 

 25, 872 

 30,412 

 824 

 3,083 

 5,400 



38, 346 

 11,519 

 25, 872 

 41,059 

 4,488 

 10, 201 

 12, 345 



56, 987 



7,004 



15, 229 



128 



The official returns give the number of remounts purchased 

 abroad for the South- African campaign as 67,958 for 1900 and 

 91,983 for 1901. The total number of horses sent to South 

 Africa from the British Isles, India, the colonies, and from 

 abroad, in 1900 and 1901, is 242,311. 



BRITISH COLONIES. 



[From " Zuchtund Remontirungder Militjir-Pferde aller Staaten," by Dr. Paul Goldbeck, Berlin, 1901.] 



INDIA. 



It is natural to suppose that England would take energetic 

 measures to promote raising in this, her most important 

 colony, but horse raising, as well as agriculture, in India 



