XIX.-TURKEY. 



[From "Ziicbt uuil Kenioutining der Militar-Pferde aller Staaten," by Dr. Paul Goldbeck, Berlin, 



1901.] 



According to tlie reports of the tax officials, which for 

 various reasons can hardly be regarded as entirely trust- 

 worthy, Turkey has over 2,000,000 horses; nevertheless, she 

 is unable to supply her own remounts at home, probably 

 because the amounts offered are too small. The peasants are 

 unwilling to sell as low as those of other countries. 



There are four military studs in Turkey, all under the 

 supervision of an inspector general, who is directly subordi- 

 nate to the war ministry. They are as follows : 



Chifteler, the largest, is 22 miles long by 16 broad. The 

 number of horses is as follows: 52 stallions (15 Hungarian 

 and Russian, 6 native, 31 Arab); 307 brood mares (119 Hun- 

 garian and Russian, 180 native, 8 original Arab) ; 686 foals 

 (382 of foreign blood, 164 native, llO Arab) ; 7 working horses; 

 total, 1,052 horses. 



Malatia (in Armenia). — The number of horses is 460. 

 The breeding tendency is the same as for the preceding stud, 

 but it is sought here also to refine the Kurd breed of horse. 



Adana, with 250 horses at present. The mares are Arabs. 



Bagdad. — This stud consisted in 1899 of 1,300 horses of 

 pure Arab stock and 20 Hungarian mares. 



There are no private studs in the real sense of the word. 



Beyond the free use of stallions from the above-mentioned 

 studs, horse raising receives no support from the government. 



The export of Arab mares is strictly forbidden, and that of 

 stallions is subject to an export duty of $23.16 each. There 

 are really no horses exported, except a few of Arab stock, and 

 imports are made principally for the army. 



The Turkish army contains, on a peace footing, 40| cavalry 

 regiments with 880 horses each (202 squadrons), 15 batteries 

 of horse artillery, 169 batteries of field artillery, 38 batteries 

 of mountain artillery, and 13 train companies with mules and 

 a few horses. In war there would be 115 cavalry regiments 



(341) 



