GENEHAL ASl'K('r OF THJ; KI.oKA. 1 .'J 



strata conu' to the surface — a i^ood deal <»f' -udi is in 'rcniio-c* — 

 tliLMT we come into a poverty-stricken country. Like in the ixravellv 

 ridges of East Tennessee, so here too, tlie hiack-jack oak asserts its 

 right. Spanisli oak, sonrwood and chestnut are th<' main hndy <.f 

 the forest. Intervals are tilled up with copses of sumach, dojrwood, 

 hiack haw, azaleas {Azalea ni(clifl<n<i L.), Kahnia /atifo/ia L.,aud 

 \arious huckleberries {Vacciniinn arhonnn Michx.), V. xtamin- 

 cam Li.. V. coryiiihoHum Iv., Jersey-tea {CWniot/iuH AineriranuH 

 \j.). Tlie herbaceous vegetation is ninn(»ton<»u<, and in di>tri:;t.s 

 where the burning of the woods is practiced, of an unparalleled 

 scarcity. Agricultural enterprise terminates very soon in tlw 

 mutual ruin of land and farmer. Hetween such wortliless lands 

 are tracts or regions where the soil is of a yellow, light or thifVv 

 loam, easily cultivated, not very rich, but a|)t to be kept in good 

 condition. The subcarboniferous strata are here completelv car- 

 ried off and the Devonian strata become exj)osed and disinteg- 

 rated into beds of loam or clay. We notice now a plea.siint 

 change in the appearance of well-kept farms, a better growth of 

 timber and a much improved botanical jirospect. Sometimes \\v 

 pass by points where the subjacent strata are of an impervious 

 clay, from which result heavy and damp soils, and in the early 

 months of the year portions of the barrens are covered with 

 shallow ponds, until they dry u]) in the hot season. Such spots 

 are convenient abodes for orchids, liliaceous plants, luncaeete, 

 Cyperacese, Gramine?e, Lndwigias, Khexias, etc. The tbrest con- 

 tains a good selection of hard-woods and the trees attain a stately 

 growth. Water oak, willow oak and white oak, sweet gum and 

 black gum are the most numerous. Ashes, poplars and beeches 

 less frequent than in calcarious soils. The shrubbery is made up 

 by alder {Alnus serrulafa Ait.), willows {Salix (ristis Ait.,N. /tumilii< 

 Marsh.), botton-bush {Cephalantlni.s occidental ii< I>.), arrow- wood 

 ( Viburnuiii nudum L.), Spivfra tomcnfosa J^., Jiom Carolina L., 

 Ilj/pericum Kalmlamun L., 7/. prolijirmn L., Comandnt undul- 

 I'lia Xutt. ... 



I have appended for a ready review a comparative list of spe- 

 cies of calcarious soils (glades) and siliceous soiN 'o^k l.ni-,n>i. 



PLANTS OF THK GLAOES ANP IJUl IS. 



(Ciilcareous soil^.) 



Clematis reticulata Walt. Krij^ia D.ui.K'Iion Nutt. 



Thalictruni Cornuti L. rnimnthes cropidinoa Muli.x. 



Anemone decapetala L. Lobelia (latlinKcri (iray. 



Myosurus minimus L. Huin<>lia lycioidesCJiert. 



Eanunculus fascicularis Muhlh. F(.n\«tifra a<Minnnata Poir. 



Delphinium azureum Michx. F. ligu.strina I'nir. 



