10 GENERAL ASPECT OF THE FLORA. 



the maijn(-)lias. Mar/nolia Fraseri Walt, and 31. macrophylla 

 Michx. are verv conspicuous from the unwonted size and fresh 

 o:reen color of their foliage. Hex opaca Ait., Nyssa Caroliniana 

 Michx., and T.^iiga Canadensis Barirer follow every rill and run 

 tilong which long lines of Leacotlue Gasteshaei Gray form impass- 

 able "barriers. Remote mountain glens, where one has to push 

 his way through branchy hydrangeas or prickly azalias, or to crawl 

 through the zigzag limbs of big laurels, ought to be approached 

 with caution. It is irksome and dangerous to be entrapped in such 

 labvrinths. Sunnier and higher positions are chosen by Pyndaria 

 o/cifcra Gray, Buckleya distichophylla, Torr., Calycanthus glaucus 

 Willd., Ilex »i9/i^ico/a. Gray and Gorylus rostrata Ait. Of climb- 

 ers we note Aristolochia Sypho L'Her., Decumaria barbara L., 

 Celasfrm scandens L. Out of a rich display of herbaceous plants 

 I would select Lysimachia Fraseri Duby, Oenothera glauca Michx., 

 DiphyUeia cymosa Michx., Adlumia cirrhosa Raf, Dicentra exi- 

 jiiid DC, Draba ranioslsslnia Desv., Viola Canadensis L., Ascy- 

 ritni hyper iooides L., Baptisia tinctoria R. Br., B. alba R. Brown, 

 Thermopsis fraxinifolia M A. Curtis, Waldsteinia fragarioides 

 Tratt., Potentilla tridentata Ait., Saxifraga erosa Pursh., Sedum 

 Nevii Gray, Chrysogonum Virginianuin L., Helianthus Iceviga- 

 tus Torr. & Gray, Campanula divaricata Michx., Galax aphylla L., 

 Melampyriun Americanum Michx., Pycnanthemum mintanum 

 Michx., Monarda didynia L., Gentiana quinqueflora Lam. 



Cr(?eks and brooklets have their rocky bottoms lined with 

 the curious, mosslike Podostenion abrotanoides Michx., which dis- 

 ixppeai's whenever the current's speed is checked and the channels 

 deepen. 



Another range of mountain flora we find in the Cumberland 

 •mountains. Selecting the Lookout near Chattanooga for a type, 

 we find its summit wooded with Qiiercus Prinus L., Q. rubra L., 

 Q. alba Li., Q. obtusiloba Michx. and Q. nigra L , Pinus inops 

 Ait., P. Tceda L., P. mitis Michx., Betula lutea L., Gleditschia 

 iriacanthos L., Robinia Pseudacacia L., several Caryas and 

 G. microcarpa Nntt. amonc^ them. Of shrubs: Robinia hispida 

 L., Dicrvilla sessilifolia Backl., Ilex mollis Gray, Stuartia penta- 

 gyna L'Her., Hydranqea radiata Walt., and again (but very 

 rare) Buckley <i distickophylla Torr., Nemopanthes Canadensis 

 DO., and in a swamp Dirca palustris L. Of herbaceous plants: 

 Utrirularia gibba L., luncus Canadensis^. Gay, and Arundinaria 

 iecta Muhl. On flat rocks: Diainorpha pasilla Nutt., Fim- 

 bristylis capillaris Gray, Krigia Virginica Willd., Arenaria glabra 

 Michx. On jthe cliffs of the crest: Stipa avenacea L.,' Silene 

 rotundifolia Nutt., Linaria Canadensis L., Campanula divaricata 



