364 THROUGH CENTRAL BORNEO 



Assuming that the requirements are six in number, 

 according to my informant, the following should be ob- 

 served by the widow: (1) To make the tiwah feast; (2) to 

 refrain from remarriage until the feast has been cele- 

 brated; (3) to abstain from sexual intercourse; (4) to 

 remain in the same place until after the feast; (5) to ask 

 permission from the family of the deceased if she wants 

 to leave the kampong temporarily; (6) to wear no red 

 garments until the feast has been completed. Should 

 any of these injunctions be disregarded a gutshi, the value 

 of which may be twenty florins, must be paid to his rela- 

 tives. If the widow desires to marry earlier than the 

 tiwah feast she is required to pay the entire cost of the 

 celebration, and sometimes an additional amount. 



A simpler device than the panyanggaran is also used, 

 serving a similar purpose and called sapundo. It con- 

 sists of an upright post carved to represent the face of a 

 good antoh, with tongue hanging out. To this pillar is 

 tied a water-buffalo (as substitute for the slave formerly 

 employed), a cow, or pig. As the sapundo is much 

 easier to make it is used by the orang kampong or poor 

 people. For a rich man who has "gone hence both con- 

 trivances may be erected. 



Another matter demanding attention is the erection 

 of a tall, rather slender pole of ironwood, called pantar. 

 A gong or gutshi strung near the top signifies that the 

 deceased was a person of wealth and prominence, while a 

 wooden image of the rhinoceros hornbill occupies a lofty 

 position on the pinnacle. On account of its ability to 

 discern objects at a great distance, this bird is regarded as 



