TRIBES IN DUTCH BORNEO 435 



well as one gong for each child. In case the husband is 

 at fault, the same payment is exacted by the injured wife. 



The Penihings have a game called ot-tjin which I 

 also observed in other Bornean tribes, and which to some 

 extent is practised by the Malays. This game, generally 

 known among scientific men by the name mancala, is of 

 the widest distribution. Every country that the Arabs 

 have touched has it, and it is found practically in every 

 African tribe. It is very common in the coffee houses 

 of Jerusalem and Damascus. A comprehensive account 

 of the game mancala is given by Mr. Stewart Culin, the 

 eminent authority on games, in the Report of the U. S. 

 National Museum for 1894, pages 595-607. 



With the Penihings the complete name is aw-li on- 

 nam ot-tjin, meaning: playon-nam fish. An essential of 

 the game is an oblong block of heavy wood which on 

 its upper surface is provided with two rows of shallow 

 holes, ten in each row, also a larger one at each end. The 

 implement is called tu-tung ot-tjin, as is also both of the 

 large single holes at the ends. There are two players 

 who sit opposite each other, each controlling ten holes. 

 The stake may be ten or twenty wristlets, or perhaps 

 a fowl, or the black rings that are tied about the upper 

 part of the calf of the leg, but not money, because usually 

 there is none about. The game is played in the evenings. 



Two, three, four, or five stones of a small fruit may 

 be put in each hole; I noticed they generally had three; 

 pebbles may be used instead. Let us suppose two have 

 been placed in each hole; the first player takes up two 

 from any hole on his side. He then deposits one in the 



