THE LIMBS OF THE HOUSE 15 



major muscle, the small mass of axillary lymph glands (lymphoglandulse 

 axillares) will be discovered. A second group of lymph glands, the 

 cubital (lymphoglandulse cubitales), lie on the brachial vessels close 

 to the origin of the collateral ulnar artery, that is, a short distance 

 proximal to the elbow joint. 



M. subscapulars. — The flat and triangular subscapular muscle 

 occupies the homonymous fossa of the scapula, from the whole of 

 which it takes origin. The fibres of the muscle, intermixed with 

 tendinous tissue, converge to a stout insertion, partly fleshy, partly 

 tendinous, into the tuberculum minus of the humerus. This insertion 

 may be regarded as functionally equivalent to the presence of a medial 

 collateral ligament of the shoulder joint. It is usual to find a small 

 synovial bursa interposed between the tendon of insertion and the 

 tubercle of the humerus. 



M. teres major. — An elongated, flattened, and almost entirely 

 fleshy muscle placed immediately caudal to the foregoing, the teres l 

 major takes origin from the angle separating the axillary and vertebral 

 borders of the scapula, and from the subscapular muscle. Its insertion 

 is in common with that of the latissimus dorsi to an imprint on the 

 crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus about the junction of the 

 proximal and distal thirds of the bone. 



It will be noted that the latissimus dorsi is at first lateral to the 

 teres major, but the tendon of the former muscle so curves round the 

 border of the latter as to be medial to it at their common insertion. 



M. biceps brachii. — The powerful biceps 2 muscle runs parallel to 

 and in front of the humerus. The strong tendon of origin begins on 

 the coracoid process of the scapula. From this point it crosses the 

 front of the shoulder joint and traverses the intertubercular groove 

 of the humerus. The tendon is closely moulded on the groove and 

 hence, when viewed from its deep aspect, presents a groove flanked by 

 a ridge on each side. As is customary where a tendon plays over 

 a bony surface, the intertubercular groove is clothed and rendered 

 smooth by a layer of fibrocartilage. Friction is further diminished 

 by the presence of a synovial bursa. A band of fascia, with which 

 some fibres of the humeral part of the deep pectoral muscle are 

 connected, crosses the tendon as it lies in the groove. 



The elongated, fusiform belly of the biceps is rendered strong by 

 admixture of tendinous tissue, which divides into two portions in the 

 distal part of the muscle. 



1 Teres [L.], rounded (long and round). 



2 The name "biceps" has been translated from human anatomy, but in none of 

 the domestic mammals is the muscle two-headed, i.e. provided with a double origin. 



