(]) 92 Palaeontologia Sinica Ser. B 



marine connection of these two districts, a connection which nearly all of the other fossils 

 so far obtained from the highest Ordovician rocks of north China have persistently 

 pointed to.* 



The specimen of Gonioceras described below, came from Seng Chuang in Ning- 

 Yang, province of Shantung, about 190 km. (315 li) southwest of the locality where Mr. 

 Couling's specimens (described by Crick) were found. So far then this genus is only 

 known from Shantung but its discovery in Chihli province may now be looked forward 

 to with confidence. 



Gonioceras shantungense Grabau (sp. nov.) 



Plate VIII, figs, lla, b. 



cf. Gonioceras sp. Crick. Geological Magazine, New Series Dec. IV. Vol. X. pi. XXII, fig. 

 B, 1903. 



Form of shell unknown, but apparently of the usual expanded and thin character 

 of the genus. Siphuncle probably excentric, but the exact position in the shell not 

 known, the only specimen in our possession having apparently been worn before 

 embedding. The siphuncular elements (the nummuli) are apparently uniform or 

 enlarge only very slightly forward. They are 11.5 mm. in greatest diameter in the 

 section shown, which is probably cut a short distance beyond the central plane, no 

 evidence of an endosiphuncle appearing. From the fact that the transverse section shows 

 only about 4 mm. of thickness for the siphuncle, it would appear that, provided it was 

 circular, its diameter was originally about 13 mm. The stereoplasmic filling is distinctly 

 actinoceran consisting of rosettes of obstruction rings at the septal necks. At this point 

 the siphuncle contracts to 7.5 mm. 



The septa average 2.4 mm. apart, and the camera} are without stereoplasmic 

 filling except for a very slight thickening at the points where they become free from the 



* I may add that my reticence in accepting as conclusive the argument for the occurrence of this genus in the 

 Chinese rocks, was to a large extent influenced by my hope of finding just such satisfactory evidence of the former 

 intimate connection of northern China and eastern North America, as this occurrence affords, for as the study of the 

 Chinese material progressed, this connection became more and more evident. Still I was loth to accept any but the most 

 conclusive evidence, and the discovery of an undoubted specimen of Gonioceras, coming as it did towards the close of these 

 studies, affords therefore unparalleled satisfaction. I may further note, that a specimen of Columnar/a, which I am unable 

 to distinguish from the common C. halli of the American Black River beds has come into my hands. This specimen, 

 found in the collection of Yenching college (Peking) is said to have come from the hills of eastern Szechuan, north of the 

 Yangtse, and west of the southernmost locality (in Hupeh) in which Actinoceran has been found. As long however as the 

 shadow of a possibility remains, that in the vicissitudes which a student collection suffers, an American specimen might 

 have been substituted for the original specimen from central China, I am unwilling to include it in this memoir. A further 

 note regarding it will, however, be published in the Bulletin of the Survey. 



