14 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



fossils wedged in between the cleavage planes and lying with their 

 surfaces parallel to the true bedding. These are exceedingly diffi- 

 cult to extract, but among them it has been possible to identify 

 Dalmanites anchiops; Phacops, a fragment of a head without 

 spine on the gerial angle, (cf. P. bombifrons); Coelospira (cf. 

 Camilla); Chonetes, large (cf. arcuata). These fossils are suffi- 

 cient to show the presence here of the Schoharie grit. They have not 

 been found throughout the entire thickness of this formation, and are 

 under all circumstances very rare, but, while we may safely ascribe a 

 portion of the formation to the Esopus slate, it is necessary to regard at 

 least that portion represented as such on the accompanying map as 

 belonging to the Schoharie grit. It is observable that, where these rocks 

 contain fossils, some calcareous matter is present. 



The existence of the Corniferous limestone, the highest and latest of all 

 the formations, was also determined by Prof. Davis ; and to this he ascribed a 

 thickness of 10 to 15 feet, but he speaks of having found no fossils in it and 

 is somewhat uncertain as to the correctness of his reference to the limestone 

 of this formation. This rock is a chert-bearing, light colored, almost white 

 limestone, the chert lying in layers and the entire thickness of the mass being 

 from 15 to 20 feet. In stratification it is essentially horizontal, or with a very 

 slight dip east. There can be no question that it is the Onondaga limestone. 

 The layers are sparsely fossiliferous, showing traces of rugose corals, particu- 

 larly Zaphrentis and well defined examples of the brachiopod Spirifer 

 raricosta. Directly beneath the outcrop of these beds are seen beds with- 

 out flint which are calcareous and shaly or shaly with calcareous lenses, the 

 limestone itself being blue and the shale weathering brown or rusty gray. 

 These beds show conclusive evidence of false bedding, as a vertical slaty 

 cleavage is highly developed, and in this respect they resemble those seen 

 near the roads below, which we have already referred to the Schoharie grit. 

 They thus appear to lie at a high angle beneath the chert-bearing beds, but 

 are unquestionably conformable to them, as is shown by the nearly horizontal 

 position of the fossils they contain. Nevertheless, these fossils, which are so 

 wedged into the rock that it is difficult to release them, are variously distorted 

 by pressure and only very compact bodies like solid corals have escaped such 

 distortion. The following species have been determined from these layers. 



