76 ORIOLID^E. 



the scorching sun of Morocco and Andalucia as well as in the 

 bitter cold of the hills in Inverness-shire, where they are one of 

 the very few birds which remain to brave the winter. 



Above reddish brown ; breast whitish brown ; tail closely barred with 

 black, and much more rufous than back. Hind toe as long or longer than 

 middle toe. Length 4 inches. 



CINCLID.E. 



66. Cinclus albicollis (Vieillot). The Grey-backed Dipper 

 or "Water-Ouzel. 



Spanish. Tordo de agua, Pechiblanco. 



Occurs in the streams of the Sierras, and is resident. I have 

 seen them near the waterfall beyond Algeciraz, where Mr. Stark 

 found a nest about the 17th of May ; but they are not abundant 

 anywhere. 



Resembles the English Chestnut- breasted Dipper, C. aquaticus, except 

 that the back is paler and the head lighter, and it can only be considered a 

 climatic race of that species. Length 7 inches. 



ORIOLIDJE. 



67. Oriolus galbula, Linnaeus. The Golden Oriole. 



Moorish. Tair es sfar (Yellow bird). Spanish. Oropendola. 



According to Favier the Golden Oriole " crosses the Straits in 

 great numbers during April and May, returning in July, August, 

 and September." These dates much agree with my own obser- 

 vations on the Spanish side, I having first seen them in 1869 on 

 the 21st of April, in 1870 on the 18th, in 1871 on the 4th (one 

 only), and in 1872 on the llth : many passed on the 16th in that 

 year. The spring migration lasts up to the 14th or 15th of May. 

 Some few pairs remain to breed in the vicinity of Gibraltar ; but 

 the majority pass further north and resort to fruit-producing 

 districts, where they get the credit of doing much damage to 



