102 FRINGILL1D.E. 



105. Passer montanus (Linnaeus). The Tree-Sparrow. 

 Spanish. Gorrion serrano. 



This Sparrow occurs sometimes in Andalucia, as I have seen 

 specimens obtained in the country ; but I did not observe any 

 near Gibraltar. 



Sexes alike. Smaller than last. Always nests in holes of trees, thatch, 

 and buildings. 



Adult. Crown and nape uniform vinaceous chestnut ; throat black ; 

 ear-coverts ashy white, with black patch on lower part ; rump ashy brown. 



Young. Duller, but show indistinctly markings of adults. Length 

 5^ inches. 



106. Passer hispaniolensis, Temminck. The Spanish Sparrow. 



This is another of the chestnut-headed Sparrows, and is local 

 in distribution on both sides of the Straits. In some places 

 they are very abundant ; and, as is well known, often build under 

 the nests of the larger birds of prey. I found a nest built 

 underneath one of Buteo desertorum. 



Male. Crown and nape chestnut ; cheeks whitish ; back black, each 

 feather streaked with white ; flanks streaked with black ; throat and chest 

 black. 



Females resemble those of the Common Sparrow. Length 5^ inches. 



107. Petronia stulta (Gmelin). The Rock-Sparrow. 



Spanish. Gorrion montes. 



Neither Favier nor Mr. Drake mentions having seen this 

 Sparrow in Morocco, where, however, it is found, as on the 

 Spanish side, commonly in the sierras and rocky ground, nesting 

 in May in holes of rocks. 



The adult male has a yellow spot on the throat ; in the female this mark 

 is much fainter, and absent in the young. Length 6 inches. 



108. Fringilla ccelebs, Linnams. The European Chaffinch. 



Spanish. Pinzon. 



This Chaffinch crosses in winter to the African side of the 



