TOTANUS FUSCUS. 287 



Secondaries uniform grey ; bill black, longer than 'head, and slightly 

 turned upwards ; legs olive-green. 



In breeding-season has blackish marks on back and black spots on flanks, 

 most developed in the female. Length 13-14 inches. 



318. Totanus calidris (Linnaeus). The Common Redshank. 

 Andalucian. Archibebe. 



Favier states that " this Redshank is very abundant near 

 Tangier, in small lots, which frequent the edges of rivers and 

 lakes, and mostly pass northwards during March and April, 

 returning to remain for the winter in September and October. 

 Some, however, remain in the country for the breeding-season.'' 



We found the Common Redshank in some numbers at the 

 lakes of Ras el Doura towards the end of April ; and they were 

 then evidently beginning to nest, but were not in anything like 

 the quantity which breed in some parts of the marisma of the 

 Guadalquivir, where they breed a little later than the Peewit, 

 which is there the earliest marsh-nesting bird. In Andalucia 

 this Redshank is, though frequently seen in winter, and much 

 too often for the sportsman, chiefly migratory, passing north in 

 great abundance mostly towards the middle of April, when many 

 are to be seen and heard shrieking out their three notes about 

 the old salinas or abandoned salt-pits at Palmones, near Gibraltar ; 

 and a great many fall victims, to appear ultimately in the market ; 

 but they are quite unfit to eat. 



Secondaries, axillaries, and upper tail-coverts white; legs and feet red in 

 adults, yellowish in young. Length 10-11 inches. 



319. Totanus fuscus (Linnaeus). The Dusky Redshank. 



Favier's notes relative to this species are as follows : " Fre- 

 quents the vicinity of salt marshes near Tangier during the 

 months of September and October " ; but the brevity of his 

 remarks on most of the Waders and aquatic birds would lead 

 one to suspect that Favier, like many other Frenchmen and all 

 Spaniards, had a cat-like antipathy to water. 



