116 MEMOIRS OF THE CARNEGIE MUSEUM 



4. Fregatidse. 



15 cervical vertebrae. 

 Procoracoid process small. 

 Garrod's symbol A + . 



II. HERODII. 



Cosmopolitan. Waders. Nidicolous. 



Zoophagous. Bill long, pointed, laterally compressed, with simple rham- 



photheca. Nares pervious. 

 No supraorbital glands. 

 Neck long, with long apteria. 



Downs of adults only upon the apteria. (Unique among Ardeiformes.) 

 Legs long ; four toes not webbed. 

 Hypotarsus complex. Flexors of type I. or VII. 

 Orthocoelous. Type II. Caeca rudimentary. 

 Tracheo-bronchial muscles attached to second bronchial rings. 



1. Ardeidse. 



19 or 20 cervical vertebrae. 



Several pairs of powder-down patches. 



1 1 primaries. Cosmopolitan. 



2. Scopidse. 



16 cervical vertebrae. 



No powder-down patches. 

 10 primaries. Ethiopian. 



III. PELARGI. 



Cosmopolitan. Waders. 

 Neck long, without apteria. Nares pervious. 

 Rhamphotheca simple. 

 Legs long. Hypotarsus simple. 

 Intestinal type IV. telogyrous. 

 1. Ciconiida;. 



Zoophagous. Nidicolous. 



17 cervical vertebrae. 

 Hallux long, toes not webbed. 

 Flexors of type I. 



Tongue rudimentary. 



Caeca rudimentary. 



Syrinx without Tracheo-bronchial muscles. 



