APPENDIX I 



THE illustrations which follow, reproduced from sections of typical 

 raw materials from amongst those dealt with in the preceding 

 pages, are designed to convey an outline view of their general 

 features of structure and arrangement in the plant. 



The subjoined scheme of classification of fibrous raw materials 

 is based upon these structural or anatomical features considered 

 as the necessary basis of their varied applications in the arts. 

 The selection of types in illustration has been made in accordance 

 therewith, and as it is a sufficient key to their selection and 

 arrangement it is reproduced (from Indian Fibres, p. 18) without 

 further comment or explanation in detail. 



DICOTYLEDONOUS 



Fibres 



Bast fibres only, in bundles 

 or filaments. 



Chemical Composition. 



(A) Pectocelluloses. 



(B) Lignocelluloses. 

 Examples : Flax (A) ; 



MONOCOTYLEDONOUS 



Fibro~vascular bundles and 

 fibre bundles, sometimes 



enclosed in cellular sheath. 



Chemical Composition. 

 Usually mixtures of (c) 



pecto-, ligno-, and cuto- 



cellulose. 



j-... % _,. Examples: Sisal; Phor- 



\ mium tenax. 



Whole plants or parts of 



plants. 



Chemical Composition. 

 Mixtures of pecto-, ligno-, 



and cuto-celluloses. 

 Examples : Esparto ; straw ; 



bamboo. 



It is important to note that the cotton fibre the chemical 

 prototype of the celluloses does not fall within the above classifi- 

 cation. As a 'seed hair' it stands apart. The cutocelluloses are 

 non-fibrous, and constitute a structural class (E) also outside the 

 above, though occurring in C and D in admixture with the fibrous 

 constituents proper. 



Fibre 



gates 



Entire bast tissues. 

 Entire stems. 



Chemical Composition. 

 (D) Mixtures of ligno- and 



pecto-celluloses. 

 Examples : Adansonia ; 



woods. 



