THE HUMAN SKULL 133 



detailed explanation, and dealing only with the 

 three main categories, he writes : 



" We see that generally the crania of Negroes, 

 Melanesians, Eskimo, Ainus, Berbers, the races of 

 Northern Europe, etc., are dolichocephalic, while 

 those of the Turkish peoples, the Malays, certain 

 Slavs, Tyrolese, etc., are brachycephalic ; that the 

 dolichocephalic predominate in Great Britain, 

 while the brachycephalic are in a majority in 

 France." Finally, it may be stated that, as these 

 facts alone would be sufficient to show, the 

 horizontal cephalic index tells us nothing about 

 intellectual characters. The statement will be 

 strengthened when we consider that the Chinese, 

 a conspicuously long-headed race, by no means 

 intellectually deficient, are surrounded by bar- 

 barian brachycephalic and very brachycephalic 

 hordes, and that in many respects the very doli- 

 chocephalic Eskimo surpass the more brachy- 

 cephalic Indians in culture. Nor is there any class 

 difference, for in Italy Dr. Livi found that whilst 

 in the northern part of the country the professional 

 classes were longer headed than the peasants, a 

 diametrically opposite condition prevailed in the 

 south. Comparing brain-weight with skull-shape, 

 Calori has shown that whilst among Italian men 

 the brachycephalic have on an average twenty- 

 seven grammes of brain more than the dolicho- 

 cephalic, amongst Italian women the dolicb- 

 cephalic have the better of the brachycephalic by 

 twenty-one grammes. A curious example of the 

 fact that the cephalic index tells us nothing about 



