162 The Feeding of Animals 



The total energy or heat units developed in the 

 combustion of feeding stuffs is determined in an ap- 

 paratus called a calorimeter. The latest form of this 

 device is one in which the ground hay is burned under 

 pressure in the presence of pure oxygen, and the heat 

 evolved is all used in warming a known weight of 

 water. Data are thus obtained from which it is possi- 

 ble to calculate the Calories in the particular material 

 burned. The energy value of single compounds, such 

 as albumin, starch and sugar, may also be found in 

 the same way, as has been done in a large number of 

 instances. These data show that the heat resulting from 

 the combustion of the compounds of the same class is 

 not the same in all cases. The value in large Calories 

 of one gram (about one -twenty -eighth of an ounce) 

 of the several nutrients is shown in the following table: 



Albuminoids, etc. 



Cal. Cal. 



Wheat gluten 5.99 Egg albumin 5.73 



Gliadin 5.92 Muscle (pure) 5.72 



Glutenin 5.88 Blood fibrin. 5.64 



Plant fibrin 5.94 Peptone 5.30 



Serum albumin 5.92 Wool 5.51 



Milk casein 5.86 Gelatin 5.27 



Yolk of egg 5.84 Asparagin (amide) 3.45 



Carbohydrates Cal Fats Cal 



Starch 4.18 Of swine 9.38 



Cellulose. . . .'. 4.18 Of oxen 9.38 



Glucose 3.74 Of sheep 9.41 



Cane sugar 3.95 Maize oil 9.28 



Milk sugar 3.95 Olive oil 9.47 



Maltose 3.95 Ether extract of oats ... 8.93 



Zylose 3.74 Ether extract of barley . 9.07 



