246 The Feeding of Animals 



quantity of seed, the amount expressed being about 

 90 per cent of the whole, leaving a cake containing 

 from 6 to 7 per cent. The latest and most effective 

 process is the extraction of the oil by a light naphtha. 

 The seed is crushed and heated as in the warm pres- 

 sure method, and the oil is then extracted by repeated 

 leachings with naphtha until the residue when dry 

 contains only about 3 per cent of oil. The naphtha is 

 thoroughly driven from this residue with steam so that 

 the resulting meal is entirely free from odor and is as 

 palatable as the residue from the pressure process. 



The terms " old process " and " new process " are 

 now applied to linseed meal, the former referring to 

 that made by the cold and warm pressure processes 

 and the latter to the residue from naphtha extraction. 

 The composition differences between the two is seen 

 in the following average of several analyses of each 

 kind which were made by Woll : 



Nitrogen- 

 free 



Water Ash Protein Fiber extract Fat 



% % % % % % 



Old process linseed meal.. 9.4 5.4 35.6 7.1 35. 7.5 



New process linseed meal. . 9.2 5.4 366 8.6 37. 3.2 



These averages show 1 per cent more protein and 

 3 per cent less fat in the new process meal. 



The old process samples analyzed by Woll were 

 doubtless from the warm pressure methods and do not 

 fairly represent the linseed which was found in the 

 markets when it first came into general use. Four 

 hundred and twenty -eight analyses of old process cake 

 compiled by Dietrich and Konig, which were made pre- 

 vious to 1888, show an average of only 28.6 per cent 



