RHIZOP HORACE M. 301 



a reddish juice is obtained from incisions made in tlie trunk which, 

 dried in the sun, constitutes a kind of false dragon's blood, not 

 unfrequently brought to Europe as American kino and having the 

 same astringent qualities as that of India. ^ The wood^ of this 

 species is tolerably hard and durable. Several Mangroves of the 

 old world (many of which are scarcely specifically distinct) have 

 quite analogous properties, particularly U. a;piculata and mucronata? 

 The Briiguieras of India, chiefly J5. gymnorhiza^ (fig. 261-263) and 

 B. Bheediiy Bumphii, cylindrical parviflora, have the same uses. 

 Kandelia Bheeddi^ is also employed as an astringent medicine. The 

 leaves of several Indian BarraldeiaSjQ.mong others B. conjmbosa and 

 integerrima^ (fig. 264-269), are used in the treatment of ulcers in 

 the mouth and throat. At Sierra Leone, the fruit of Anisophyllea 

 Jaurina ^ is sold in the markets in spring ; it is about the size of a 

 pigeon's egg and edible. Except Barraldeia, the plants of this group 

 are rarely seen in our conservatories. Bhizojphora grows with 

 difficulty and ordinarily attains but little development. 



1 GuiB. Drog. Simpi. ed. 6, iii. 434. ^ See p. 303, note 8. Its bark is febrifuge. 



2 Vulg. Eorse-Jlesh. Fishermen apply it as a remedy for the bite of 



3 Lamk. Diet. vi. 169 ; III. t. 396, fig. 2.—R. certain fishes and other venomous animals. Its 

 candelaria Wight and Arn. Frodr. i. 310 (not fruit is edible, and its wood is used for boat- 

 DC). — Mangium candelarium Eumph. Herb. making. 



Amboin. iii. 108. t. 71, 72 (ex Bl.). The seeds ^ Carallia integerrima DC. Frodr. iii. 33.— C. 



of this species and of some others are not un- zetjlanica Arn. A>m. Nat. Hist. i. 371. — C. co- 



frequently used as a masticatory instead of rymbosa Arn. loc. cit. — C. sinensis Arn. he. cit. 



catechu powder, and for this purpose are mixed — G. timorensis Bl. — C. octopetala F. Muell. — 



with betel. In India and the Moluccas cords Footna coreopsifolia Miq. 



are rubbed with Mangrove leaves to render them ^ R. Br. Trans. Hort. Soc. v. 446. — Oliv. Fl. 



more durable. Trop. Afr. ii. 413. — Anisophyllum laurinwn 



^ Lamk. Ill.i. 397. — R. gymnorhiza L. Spec. Don. — Benth. Niger, 342 {Monkey Apple). 

 634.— DC. Frodr. n. 10 {Faletuvier des Indes). 



