UMBELLIFBBM. 



97 



Peiiceianum 

 (Anethum) graceolens. 



in the Parsnip {Pastinaca ^ sativa), a species with yellow flowers and 

 divisions in the large leaf, which however can constitute only a section 

 in the genus Peucedanum (fig. 83, 84). 



There are Peucedans, called Oreoselinum,^ whose petals have a 

 strongly impressed median nervure, and others, Tccniopetalum,^ which 

 owe this name to the presence of vittae with a 

 gum-resinous juice on their petals. In Imperatoria,'^ 

 all the characters of the flower and fruit are those 

 of other Peucedans; but the divisions of the leaves 

 are large and the calyx is wanting, as in many 

 other species of the genus. In Anethum,^ the 

 divisions of the leaves are fine, like those of the 

 Fennels, and the aromatic odour is very distinct ; 

 but the fruit (fig. 85) is in miniature quite that of 

 a Peucedan;^ the flower is yellow. It is an annual 

 and cultivated in most countries. 



Fenda"^ (fig. 86, 87) appears to us generically 

 inseparable from the Peucedans and will form 

 therefore only a section of that genus. The fruit 

 is the same, and if it has a thicker margin, this difference is far from 

 constant. The furrows also often contain two or three vittae. But 

 those named Peucedanoids ^ have only one, and in those of the group 

 Scorodosma ^ (fig. 87), they are numerous and sometimes extremely 



Fig. 85. Fruit {*). 



' T. Inst. 319, t. 170.— L. Gen. n. 362.— DC. 

 Frodr. iv. 188. — Exdl. Gen. n. 4473. The 

 vittae of the Parsnips do not always extend 

 to the base of the furrows ; by this character 

 they connect the Peucedans to Heracleum. 



" BiEB. Fl. Taur.-Cauc. iii. 200. — Lag. Ammn. 

 ii. 90.— Dub. Bot. Gall. t. 222. 



3 Vis. Fl. Dalmat. iii. 49 (not Bge.). 



4 T. Inst. 316, t. 168.— L. Gen. n. 359.— DC. 

 Frodr. iv. 183. 



5T. Inst. 317, t. 169.— L. Ge}t. n. 359.— 

 G;ertn. Fruct. i. 91, t. 21.— DC. Frodr. iv. 185. 

 — Endl. Gen. n. 4467. — Spach, Suit, d- Biiffou, 

 viii. 159. 



^ It has solitary vittae in each furrow, and 

 its greatest difference from most of the preceding 

 types is the small development of the secondary' 

 chambers formed near the margin by the redu- 

 plication of the partition, whilst in the Parsnip, 

 for example, and several other Eupeucedans, 



VOL. VII. 



these false cells are much larger. In Ferula, on 

 the contrary, they disappear more or less com- 

 pletely. Then Anethum, in this respect, by its 

 fruit, conn'ects the Ferulas with the true Peuce- 

 dans. 



7 T. Inst. 321, t. 170.— L. Gen. n. 343 (part). 

 — Adans. Fain, des PL ii. 100.— J. Gen. 222.— 

 Lamk. Diet. ii. 454 ; Suppl. ii. 630 ; III. t. 205. 

 — Spreng. Umb. 13 (part). — Kock, TTnib. 96. — 

 DC. Frodr. iv. 171. — Spach, Suit, a Btiffon, viii. 

 161.— Endl. Gen. n. 4459.— Hook. Fl. Ind. ii. 

 707.— B. H. Gen. 917, n. J 23 {Ferula).— R.B^. 

 Diet. Encycl. Sc. Med. ser. 4, i. 728. — ?Soranthus 

 Ledeb. Fl. A It. i. 344 ; Ic. Fl. Ross. t. 82.— DC. 

 Frodr. iv. 669. 



8 Boiss. FL Or. ii. 983. 



9 Bge. Hei Lehm. Mem. Sav. Etrang. Acad. 

 Fetersb. vii. 309.— Borszcz. Ferul. Off. Mem. 

 Acad. Peersb. (1860) t. 1, 2. 



