UMBELLIFJEB^. 



191 



United States as a diuretic, expectorant, antidyspeptic, and even 

 antiepileptic. In Kamtschatka choice alcoholic liquors are made 

 from the stems of H. Paimces} H, gummifemnif^ a Caucasian spe- 

 cies, was thought at one time to furnish the gum ammoniac. Many- 

 other species of Heracleum have been employed either as alimentary 

 or aromatic* 



The plants of Meum are almost all stimulant, slightly tonic, 

 digestive, ill. athamanticum ^ (fig. 100, 101), or Alpine Fennel, was 

 formerly used in theriacal composition. The fruit was considered 

 febrifuge, emmenagogic, diuretic, carminative, expectorant. It has 

 been extolled as a remedy for flux, asthma, chronic bronchitis, 

 typhoid fever.^ If. Silaus ^ is diuretic ; its root, fruit and juice were 

 used. M. scoticum "^ is used in Kamtschatka to prepare fish. M. 

 diffusiim ^ has an aromatic fruit employed in India in the treatment 

 of diseased cattle. M, venosum ® is reported a medicinal plant in 

 Siberia. M. nodiflorum,^^ a plant of Dauphine and the north of 

 Italy, believed to be the Ligusticum of the ancients, is carminative 

 and emmenagogic ; it is sometimes substituted for Angelica. M, 

 resmosum ^^ in Italy yields from its incised root, abundance of a 



1 L. Spec. 358. — DC. Frodr.n. 15. — Eosenth. 

 op. cit. 549. 



2 AV. Enum. 312 ; Sort. Berol. i. t. 53, 54. 



3 Particularly H. angustifolium L. tuberosum 

 MoL. longifolium JAca. Jlaveacens Baumg. (Ro- 

 SEXTH. op. cit. 549). 



4 jAca. Fl. Austr. t. 303.— DC. Prodr. iv.l62, 

 n. 1. — Gren. et Godr. Fl. de Fr. \. 701.— 

 RosENTH. op. cit. 539. — Athamantha Ileum L. 

 Spec. 353. — Seseli Meum Scop. FL Cam. n. 352. 

 Ligusticum Meum All. Fl. Fed. ii. 12. — DC. Fl. 

 Fr. iv. 310. 



° M. Mutellina G^^etn. {Phellandrium Mutel- 

 lina L. — Ligusticum Mutellina All. — ^thusa 

 Mutellina Lamk.) in our opinion generically 

 inseparable from the preceding, forms part of 

 the roots of Meum found in commerce. The 

 young shoots serve as vegetables in the 

 Alps. 



" Feucedanum Silatfs L. Spec. 354. — Jacq. 

 Fl. Austr. t. 15. — Hayn. Arzn. Gcw. vii. t. 5. — 

 Slum Silaus Roth. — Cnidium Silaus Spreng. — 

 Ligusticum Silaus Duby. — Seseli pratensis Riv. 

 — S. scllnoides Jacq. — Silaus pratensis Bess. 



Sch. Sgst. vi. 36, not.— Koch, mnb. 105.— DC. 

 Frodr. iv. 161. — Rosenth. op. cit. 539. 



'^Ligusticum scoticum L. Spec. 359. — DO. 

 Prodr. iv. 137, n. 1. — Angelica scotica Lamk. — 

 Seseli scoticum Riv. — Apium ternatum W. 



8 Ligusticum diffusum Roxb. Cat. Sort. Calc. 

 21. — Athamantha diffusa Wall. — Cnidium dif- 

 fusum DO. Prodr. iv. 153, n. 7. 



9 Seseli venosum Hoffm. Fl. Germ. 144. — S. 

 selinoides Bess.— S. alpinum Bieb. — Cnidium 

 venosum Koch, Umb. 109.— DC. Prodr. n. 4.— 

 Sdinum pratense Spreng. 



10 Smgrnium nodifiorum All. Fl. Pedem. ii. 23, 

 t. 2. — Ligusticum nodifiorum YiLL.— Angelica 

 paniculata Lamk. — Laserpitium verticillatum 

 Waldst. et Kit. — Trochiscanthes nodiflorus 

 Koch, Umb. 103.— DC. Prodr. iv. 154.— Ro- 

 senth. op, cit. 538. 



" H. Bn. Bull. Soc. Linn. Par. IS5.— Laser- 

 pitium resviosum Presl. Fl. Sic. 136. — Ligttsti- 

 cum resinosum Guss. Lnd. Sem. (1826); Prodr. 

 Fl. Sic. i. 335. — Bonannia resiniftra Guss. Fh 

 Sic. Syn. i. 335. — Ligusticum Grcecum Apii folio 

 T. Inst. Cor. 23. 



