RUBIACEJE. 



371 



sorts : the larger is the product of Uragoga emetica,^ a Columbian 

 species, not rich in emetine ; and the smaller,^ the true source of 

 which is unknown. The undulated varieties are furnished, one by a 

 Columbian shrub, U. undata,^ the other by an herbaceous plant of 

 Brazil, Bichardia scahraJ' Many other Ruhiacece, belonging to very 

 different series, are equally vomitive. The powdered fruit of Genipa 

 dumetorum is employed for this purpose in India and Nubia. Quin- 

 qidna Fiton, the bark of E xo sterna floribundum, also produces emetics; 

 in India, the root of Pmderia foetida^ (fig. 248-250). The roots of 

 various Chiococcas, as C. racemosa^ (fig. 252-285), densifolia/ angui- 

 fuga,^ are mentioned as very vomitive. These roots, as the name of 

 the last indicates, have a great reputation in America as specifics 

 against the bite of venomous serpents. They are called roots of 

 Cainga or Cahinca. The infusion of the bark is also said to be a 

 violent drastic. In the East Indies the same qualities are attributed 

 to Gempa campamdata.^ In Brazil the root of Manettia cordifolia,^^ 

 probably from its violent purging, is considered a cure for serous 

 evacuations ; it is also, like the Ipecacuanhas, an esteemed anti- 

 dysenteric. Several species of Spermacoce are equally employed by 

 the Brazilians as emeto-cathartics, particularly S. Poaya ^^ (fig. 235, 



1 Psychotria emetica Mut. ex L. f. Suppl. 144 

 (part).— H. B.K. PI. JEquin. ii. 142, t. 126; 

 Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 355.— DC. Prodr. iv. 504, 

 n. 2. — A. Rich. Biss. Ipec. t. 2. — Guib. Drog. 

 Simpl. (ed. 7) iii. 91, fig. 602, mZ.— Cephcelis 

 emetica Pers. (part). — Ipecacuanha noir Rich. 

 Diet. Sc. Med. xxvi. 4, c. icon. 



2 GuiB. loc. cit. 91. — I. des mines d'or Pellet. 

 Journ. Pharm. vi. 265. 



^ Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. iii. 5, t. 260 ; Fragm. 

 n. 101. — RosEMTH. op. cit. 326. — Psychotria 

 undiilata Poir. Suppl. iv. 591. 



4 L. Spec. 470.— i?. pilosa R. et Pay. Fl. Per. 

 iii. 50. — R. pilosa K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 350, t. 

 279. — Richardsonia brasiliensis Gom. Mem. Ipec. 

 31, t. 2.— GuiB. Drog. Simpl. (ed. 7) iii. 92, fig. 

 604, 605.— DC. Prodr. iv. 567, n. 1. — Spermacoce 

 hirsuta Rcem. et Sch. Syst.ixi. 531 ; Mantiss. iii. 

 207 {Poayo do campo of the Brazilians. — Ipeca- 

 cuanha amylace Mer.). 



' L. Mantiss. 52.— Lamk. III. t. 166, fig. 1.— 

 DC. Prodr. iv. 471, n. 1. — Apocynwn foetidum 

 Burm. Fl. Ind. 71 {Somarajl). 



* JACQ.^m^r. 68.— L. Spec. 246.— Tkatt. Tab. 

 t. 631.— Hook. Ex. Fl. t. 93.— Andr. Bot.Repos. 

 fc 284.— RosENTH. Syn. PI. Diaph. 329.— H. Bn. 



p 



Diet. Encycl. Sc. M4d. xvi. 227 {Petit Prasida, 

 Raizpreta, Snowberry) . 



^ Mart. Mat. Med. Bras. 17, t. 6. — Cham, et 

 ScHLCHTL, linncea (1829), 13.— H. Bn. loc, cit. 

 226.— LiNDL. Veg. Kingd. 763. 



8 Mart. loc. cit. t. 5.— DC. Prodr. iv. 482, n. 3. 

 — RoSENTH. loe. cit. 329.— H. Bn. loc. cit. 226.— 

 C. brachiata R. et Pay. Fl. Per. ii. t. 219, fig. b.— 

 C. parvifiora W. — C. pa/iiculata W. — C. racemosa 

 H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. iii. 352 (not Jacq.).— 

 C. pubescensW .Roem. et Sch. Syst. v. 202 {Cain^a, 

 Sipocruz, Serpentaria brasiliensis off.). 



^ Gardenia campanulata Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 557. 

 —DC. Prodr. iv. 383, n. 32.— Rosenth. op. cit. 

 849.— KuRz, For. Fl. Brit. Burm. ii. 40 {Hsay- 

 than-paya). The plant is also used as an 

 anthelmintic, and several other Gardenias have 

 the same reputation in the country. 



10 Mart. Mat. Med. Br. i. 19, t. 7.— DC. Prodr, 

 iv. 363, n. 8.— Rosenth. op. cit. 337.— ? JIf. gla- 

 bra Cham, et Schlchtl, Linncea (1829), 159. 



" A. S.-H. PI. Us. Bras. t. 12.— Borreria Poaya 

 DC. Prodr. iv. 549, n. 61 (Poaya do campo). S, 

 ferruginea A. S.-H. emetica Mart. {Poaya da 

 hasta comprida), aspera Aubl. verticillata Linn. 

 rigida Sali&b. gentianoides A. S.-H. glaberrima 



2 



