4 AQUIFOLIACE^. Prinos. 



appear verticillate, remaining on the plant part of the winter. Nucules about 6, smooth. 

 Embryo extremely minute, nearly globose. 



Low grounds, and in moist thickets ; common. Fl. June. Fr. October. The bark of 

 this plant is tonic and astringent. A decoction of it is used for washing ill-conditioned ulcers. 

 (See Wood ^- Bache, U. S. Dispens. p. 534.) 



2. Prinos LjEvigatus, Pursh? Smooth Winter-herry. 



Leaves deciduous, elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, smooth or slightly 

 pubescent on the veins underneath ; flowers 6 - 7-parted , the fertile (perfect) on slender 

 pedicels, solitary or 2 - 3 together ; calyx-segments smooth ; stigmas distinct. — Pursh, Jl. 1. 

 p. 220 ? Mulil. cat. p. 36 ; Torr. ft. \. p. 338. 



A shrub 4-7 feet high, much branched. Leaves about two inches long and three-fourths 

 of an inch wide, thin, acute at the base, with appressed and commonly mucronate serratures, 

 somewhat shining above, the under surface pubescent only on the veins. Sterile flowers not 

 seen. Fertile or rather perfect flowers axillary, on pedicels which are about half an inch long. 

 Calyx-segments acuminate, not ciliate. Corolla greenish white ; the segments oval. Stamens 

 as many as the segments of the corolla. Ovary conical, crowned with 6-7 erect distinct 

 stigmas. Fruit larger than in P. verticillatus, bright red : nucules smooth. 



Cedar swamps. Long Island. Fl. June. Fr. September. Although this species is in 

 general easily distinguished from the preceding, there are occasionally found specimens that 

 seem to connect the two. Indeed all the North American species, both of this genus and of 

 Ilex, require a thorough revision. 



3. Prinos glaber, Lirm. (PI. Ixxii.) Evergreen, Winter-berry. Ink-berry. 



Leaves sempervirent, coriaceous, cuneate-oblanceolate, smooth and shining, sparingly 

 toothed at the summit ; peduncles axillary, mostly 3-flowered. — Linn. sp. 1. p. 330; Ait. 

 Kew. (ed. 1.) 1. p. 478 ; Michx. fl. 2. p. 236 ; Pursh, fl. 1. p. 220 ; Ell. sk. 2. p. 707 ; 

 Torr. fl. 1. p. 338 ; Bigel. fl. Bost. p. 129 ; Beck, hoi. p. 231 ; DC. prodr. 2. p. 17 ; 

 Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 122. 



A slirub 2-4 feet high, much branched, with dark grayish bark. Leaves crowded, about 

 an inch and a half long, of a thick and leathery texture, bright green above, paler underneath, 

 with a few appressed teeth toward the summit. Flowers numerous, at the base of the young 

 branches, solitary, or more commonly three together on a common peduncle, which is rather 

 longer than the pedicels. Calyx-segments semiovate, acute, smooth. Corolla white, 6-cleft ; 

 the segments oval, spreading. Stamens about half as long as the corolla : filaments slender : 

 anthers large, oblong, innate. Ovary conical : stigmas minute. Fruit the size of a small pea, 

 black when ripe, shining. Nucules usually 6, bony-cartilaginous, smooth. Testa of the seed 

 reddish. Embryo extremely minute, at the extremity of firm albumen. 



Swamps, Long Island, &c. ; not found in the interior of the Slate. Fl. July. Fr. Sep- 

 tember. 



