106 GENTIANACEtE. Gentiana. 



4. Erytbr*:*. Corolla tubular-funnelform ; the limb short, 5- (or sometimes 4-) cleft. Anthers at length spirally 



twisted, opening longitudinally. Style straight : stigmas 2, roundish. Capsule oblong-linear, 1-celled or partly 

 2-celled. 



5. BiRTONiA. Flowers 4-parted ; the segments erect. Corolla funnelform. Anthers not twisted after flowering. 



Stitrma thick, glandular, sessile, 2-lobed. Capsule 1-celled, 2-valved. 



6. Sabbatia. Flowers 5 - 12-parted. Anthers at length revolute. Stigmas 2, linear, finally spiral. Capsule 1-celled, 



2-valved . 



$ 2. Menyanthe.£. .^^livation of the corolla indnplicate, 



7. Menyanthes. Corolla funnelform, 5-parted ; the segments bearded inside. Capsule 1-celled, 2-valved. Leaves 



ternately divided. 



8. LiMNANTHEMUM. Corolla somowhat rotate, 5-parted ; the segments not bearded. Capsule 1-celled, 2-valved or 



valveless. Leaves cordate. 



§ 1. Gentianace.1: proper. ^Estivation of the corolla twisted. 

 1. GENTIANA. Linn.; Endl. gen. 3528; Griseh. Gent. p. 210. gentian. 



[ Named from Gentius, a king of Illyria, who is said lo have brought the ordinary medicinal species into use.] 



Calyx 4 - 5-cleft. Corolla tubular-campanulate, funnelform or somewhat salver-shaped ; the 

 limb 4 - 5-cleft, often with intermediate teeth or secondary lobes (plicae), without nectari- 

 ferous glands. Filaments equal at the base. Styles 2, sometimes combined into one. 

 Capsule 1-celled, 2-valved, sessile or stipitate ; the stipe often elongated, and in some 

 species nearly or quite exserted from the withered corolla. — Perennial or biennial herbs of 

 various habit. 



» Cyane, Ren. Corolla sonmuh^t tidmlar; the itUermediate lobes or plica usually large : no glands at the base of the 

 filaments : stigmas dislincl, revolute : capsule slipilatc : seeds often winged. 



1. Gentiana Saponaria, Linn. (Plate LXXXI.) Soap Gentian. 



Stem ascending; leaves ovate -lanceolate and obovate, rough on the margin; flowers 

 aggregated, somewhat sessile, bracteate ; lobes of the calyx about as long as the tube ; corolla 

 clavate , the lobes ovate, obtuse, twice as long as the (cleft) plicae ; anthers connate ; seeds 

 narrowly winged. Griseh. in Hook. fl. Bor-Am. 2. p. 55, and Gent. p. 286. /3 ? linearis : 

 leaves linear-lanceolate ; the anthers at length distinct. Griseh. I. c. G. linearis, Frcel. man. 

 Gent. p. 37 (ex Griseh.) ; Pursh, fl. I. p. 186. G. Pneumonanthe, Michx. fl. 1. p. 176 ; 

 Bigel. fl. Bost. p. 105 ; Torr. fl. 1. p. 287 ; Beck, hot. p. 239, not pf Linn. G. Pseudo- 

 pneumonanthe, Ram. ^ Schult. syst. 6. p. 146. 



Root perennial. Stem terete, slender, simple, very smooth. Leaves 2-3 inches long, 

 linear-lanceolate or almost linear, tapering to a point, slightly rough on the margin, the rest 

 very smooth. Flowers 3 - 5 in a terminal fascicle, and one or more in the axils of the next 

 pair of leaves below. Segments of the calyx linear-lanceolate, smooth on the margin. Corolla 

 tubular-campanulate, about an inch and a quarter long, bright purplish blue ; the orifice open ; 

 the lobes ovate : intermediate teeth or plaits scarcely one-third the length of the lobes, mostly 

 entire, but sometimes unequally 2-cleft or notched. Anthers at first cohering, but finally 

 distinct. Ovary oblong : styles short, distinct : stigmas revolute. Capsule stipitate. Seeds 

 oblong, with a narrow wing all round. 



