396 CYPERACE^. Carex. 



an inch long, few-nerved, attenuated into a long straight beak. Achenium triquetrous, small, 

 puncticulate in longitudinal lines, acute at each end, pointed with the very long tortuous style. 

 Wet meadows : common. Fl. May. Fr. June. Schkuhr's figure of C. rostrata represents 

 the ordinary form of llie plant. I have from Mr. J. Carey a specimen of what appears to be 

 a variety of this species, in which there are four distant short ovoid fertile spikes, the lower 

 ones on long exserted peduncles ; but no staminate spike. 



56. Carex hystricina, WiJld. Porcupine Sedge, 



Sterile spike solitary ; fertile spikes mostly 3, oblong, cylindrical, thick, finally nodding ; 

 peduncles of the uppermost one nearly included, of the others long and exserted ; perigynia 

 crowded and spreading, ovoid, with a long beak, many-nerved, bifid at the orifice, twice as 

 long as the awned scale. — Willd. sp. 4. p. 282 ; SchJi. Car. t. Fff. /. 127 ; PursJi, fl. 1. 

 p. 43 ; Muhl. grain, p. 252 ; Ell. sk. 2. p. 550 ; Dew. Car. I. c. 10. p. 25 ; Schwein. ^ 

 Torr. Car. I. c. p. 355 ; Beck, hot. p. 441 ; Darlingt. fl. Cest. p. 40 ; Kunth, enum. 2. 

 p. 497. 



Culm 15-18 inches high, triquetrous, leafy, slightly rough on the angles. Leaves 2-3 

 lines wide. Sterile spike on a peduncle which is from one inch to three inches long, often 

 bearing a few fertile flowers either at the base or at the summit ; the scales ovate-lanceolate, 

 mucronate, pale brown. Fertile spikes sometimes 2 or 4 ; in the latter case, the lowest one 

 is often remote from the others, which are mostly approximate, about an inch long : peduncles 

 filiform. Scales oblong, emarginate, with a rough subulate awn. Perigynium marked with 

 numerous nerves, smooth ; the beak long and slender, distinctly bicuspidate at the summit. 

 Achenium small, triquetrous, smooth. 



Wet meadows : not common. Fl. June. Fr. July - August. Resembles C. tentaculata, 

 but can readily be distinguished by the exserted peduncles, many-nerved perigynium, and 

 more strongly bidentale beak. 



57. Carex Pseudo-Cyperus, Linn. Cyperus-like Sedge. 



Sterile spike solitary ; fertile spikes 3-4, cylindrical, thick, pendulous, approximated and 

 the upper two somewhat geminate ; peduncles exserted ; perigynia ovoid-lanceolate, beaked, 

 at length reflexed, many-nerved, divergingly 2-cleft at the summit, about one third longer than 

 the lanceolate awned scale. — Linn. sp. 2. p. 978 ; Schk. Car. t. Mm. /. 102 ; Pursh, fl. 1. 

 p. 44 ; Muhl. gram. p. 253 ; Dew. Car. 8. p. 71 ; Schwein. (J- Torr. Car. I. c. p. 355 ; 

 Beck, hot. p. 442; Kunth, enum. 2. p. 501. C. furcata, Ell. sk. 2. p. 552. 



Culm 2-3 feet high, stout, triquetrous, rough on the angles. Leaves 3-5 lines wide, 

 bright green. Sterile spike 1 - 2 inches long, on a short peduncle ; the scales loosely im- 

 bricated, lanceolate-subulate, rough. Fertile spikes 1^ - 2| inches long and about half an 

 inch in diameter, spreading or pendulous ; the lower two more or less distant, on peduncles 

 which are about an inch in length ; the upper ones usually so much approximated as to appear 

 geminate. Fertile scales lanceolate, tapering to a long awn-like point. Perigynia nearly one 



