HUDSON AND MOHAWK DISTRICT. 205 



contents in a gallon only 4-72 grains. A little distance below, the water used for a large 

 manufacturing establishment gave 4 "48 grains of solid matter, and of vegetable matter the 

 same as before. The soluble matters consist of chloride of lime, magnesia, sulphate and 

 carbonate of lime : probably the latter exists in a state of a crenate. 



Tiio water of the Hudson river contains 4' 48 grains of soluble matter per gallon ; the 

 amount of vegetable or organic matter is 1'84, in which it was evident some animal matter 

 existed, as, on ignition, it gave a perceptible odor of burning hair : the wirole amount is 

 then 6 "32 grains per gallon. Another specimen gave 7 '24 solid matter, of which 3-34 

 grains consisted of organic matter. The waters of the Mohawk river gave 5-36 grains to 

 the gallon, of whicli 2-52 was organic matter. 



The following is a summary of the results of several analyses of waters of the clay, to- 

 gether with penstock water of the city. 



« 

 The penstock water of the city contains, of 



Soluble matter, per gallon 4'64 



Organic matter 8 '00= 12-64 



A well in Lydius-street, 



Soluble matter 13'12 



Organic matter 6'12=19'24 



The well at the Old State House, 



Soluble matter 24-00 



Organic matter , 12-00= 36-00 



The well at the Exchange, 



Soluble matter 47-20 



Organic matter 17 -48 =64-68 



The well of the Capitol Park, 



Soluble matter 47-24 



Organic matter 18-28=65-52 



A well at the corner of Lydius and Union-streets gave 112 grs. to the gallon : it con- 

 sisted mainly of iron combined with an organic salt (crenate of iron). It gave a bulky 

 greenish precipitate with acetate of copper. The water, on standing an hour, becomes 

 turbid and yellowish, and, finally, in the course of three or four hours, deposits a large 

 ochreous sediment. Horses and cattle are quite fond of tliis water, and drink it freely. 



Another kind of water of the Albany clay is quite common in the valley of Lake Cham- 

 plain. It abounds with the sulphates, particularly the sulphate of magnesia, and is so 

 excessively bitter that it can not be drank. It is used somewhat in cutaneous eruptions, 

 but is far too saline to be used to any great extent even as a medicinal water, inasmuch 

 as it is nearly impossible to drink it. The mineral springs which are pleasaiu, and so 

 extensively used, belong to the Hudson and Champlain district ; but none of these waters 

 issue from the clay. They either belong to the slate or the lower limestones, and consist 

 [Agricultural Report.] 34 



