WESTERN DISTRICT. 293 



This soil is regarded as a clay, and forms a soil quite stifl' and impervious, but it, is a 

 durable wlical soil. The average production is fifteen bushels per acre. It is tlic basis of 

 the soil for this crop tiirough this section of country. Above it a soil is not unconnuou, 

 which IS called locally a lohcat sand, in contradistinction to a wheat clay. The former, 

 however, is never a thick deposit, and it is usually sufficiently near the clay to be inlluenced 

 by its presence. It is one excellence of the wheat clay and sand, that whatever manure is 

 put upon them remains until used up by vegetation : aleachy soil, as it is called, is hardly 

 known in the coun( v. 



Surface soil, from the range of elevated land west of Moscow village, resting upon the 



Genesee slate. 



ANALYSIS. 



Water of absorption 4-04 



Organic matter l.j5 



Silicates 82-70 



Peroxide of iron and alumina.. 7.50 



Carbonate of lime _ 1 .75 



• 0-50 



Magnesia 



97-65 



Soil taken from the farm of Mr. Horsford, nine inches helow the surface, resting upon the 



Moscow shale. 



ANALYSIS. 



Water of absorption 2-00 



Organic matter 1.12 



Silicates 89-75 



Peroxide of iron and alumina 4.01 



Carbonate of lime . . 2-18 



Magnesia (race. 



99-26 

 The soils of Livingston contain less oxide of iron than is usual : hence they are of a light 

 drab or clay color, which conveys the idea of coldness, and probably the power of absorbing 

 heat is less than in soils which are red or brown. " 



Analysis of a specimen of soil from Castile, Wyoming county. 

 Its characters resemble those of Livingston, and it rests upon the same geological for- 

 mation. 



Water of absorption 2-50 



Organic matter 8-25 



^ Silicates 81. 50 



Peroxide of iron and alumina 5. 91 



Carbonate of lime 0-50 



Magnesia q.qs 



98-71 



