IN CONCLUSION 383 



this office, including the publication of the journal is 

 now included in the Budget of the State. 



In order to prevent the abuses which might arise from 

 a general invitation to send in specimens of the different 

 species of birds for examination, the Hungarian Minister 

 of Agriculture has issued various decrees which are 

 enforced by law, the non-observance of which is punish- 

 able by fines. The taking alive or killing of protected 

 .species is allowed only for scientific purposes, and with 

 permission obtained from the authorities, and any person 

 found employed in this work must be able, on demand, 

 to produce an order in writing from some Hungarian 

 scientific institute, some expert, or known person who 

 can prove that he is engaged in Natural History 

 research. This license is drawn up according to a form 

 legally provided. Another safeguard, provided by M. 

 Daranyi against the abuse of such permission, is that 

 the authorities may only allow a license to the same 

 individual for the capture of not more than 10 animals, 

 or the taking of not more than 10 birds, nests, or eggs; 

 and this maximum is only to be permitted in cases where 

 there is no danger of the extinction of the species. 



It may be added that, by a decree of the Minister of 

 Agriculture, protection is afforded to Bats of all kinds, 

 and at all times ; to Moles, except in flower and kitchen 

 gardens and nurseries, where it is permitted to destroy 

 them ; to all kinds of Shrew-mice, except the Water 

 Shrew, which is injurious to fishing interests; and to 

 Hedgehogs. 



Further, in view of the great amount of deforestation 

 which is taking place in Hungary, as in other countries, 

 and the consequent destruction of the natural nesting 



