SOILS OF NEW TORE 111 



leys that are crowded with howlders. The irregular 

 filling of the valleys produced innumerable lakes and 

 through these and down the slopes the streams 

 meander, forming numerous and extensive falls that 

 have large potential water power. In its way the 

 soil covering of the region will produce a large 

 amount of timber, but active farming is justified 

 only under very unusual conditions. 



LOXG ISLAND 



The last physiographic division of the State to be 

 considered, and the lowest in general elevation, is 

 that comprised in Long Island and small areas 

 on Staten Island, together with the adjacent parts 

 of the mainland, considering Manhattan as such. 

 Nearly all of this belongs to the Atlantic coastal plain 

 division of the country, and the soils have been 

 largely formed under the ocean. The great ter- 

 minal moraine of the glacier cuts eastward from 

 Xew Jersey and lies across Long Island. But even 

 that has been largely overtopped and cut away by 

 the ocean waves so that most of the area is a gently 

 sloping sandy plain. Heavy glacial till is exposed 

 in scattered areas on the northwest shore of the 

 island in the northern suburbs of the city of Brook- 

 lyn. Reaching east from this heavy till is a much 

 more sandy and gravelly till that forms two lines 

 of irregular hills. These cross the island, eastward, 

 one in a diagonal direction to Montauk Point, and 

 the other is situated on the north shore of the island 

 and known as the Harbor moraine. They rise to a 



