AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES 191 



tricts in 1910 were : Chautauqua 17,100,000, Central 

 Lakes 11,000,000, Hudson Valley 2,500,000 and 

 Niagara 500,000. With the exception of the Chau- 

 tauqua district, there has been a decrease in num- 

 ber of vines; here there has been a substantial in- 

 crease but not in yield of grapes to correspond. It 

 has been suggested by Morrison tliat the increased 

 planting on unfavorable soils is responsible for this 

 decrease in average yield. 



In the Chautauqua district, the distribution of 

 other varieties of grape than Concord is reported by 

 Hedrick to be : Niagara 3 per cent, Wordens 2 per 

 cent, Moors Early and Catawba each 1 per cent, 

 other varieties, chiefly Delawares, 3 per cent. The 

 only marked variation is in the Niagara district where 

 the variety of the same name is grown almost ex- 

 clusively. 



The ufilization of the grape has changed consid- 

 erably and varies with the different districts. In the 

 pioneer days nearly all the fruit was used for making 

 wine. Table use of grapes increased until in 1890 

 it is stated that four-fifths of the product of New 

 York and Pennsylvania were so consumed. Nearly 

 all the Hudson and Niagara crops are still so utilized. 

 The production of wine has never been an especially 

 large factor in the grape-growing industry. How- 

 ever, the manufacture of sparkling wine or cham- 

 pagne has been important in the Keuka Lake sec- 

 tion where 75 per cent of the product is made. 

 This has been called the American champagne dis- 

 trict and is on the same isothermal line as the 



