RURAL MANUFACTURES 279 



Little Falls. The Babcock milk test, named after 

 its inventor, had an early connection with New York 

 through the fact that Dr. Babcock, its inventor, was 

 born and trained in tlie State and later worked at the 

 Agricultural Experiment Station at Geneva. 



The production of cheese has gone much further 

 than that of butter in the transfer from the farm 

 to the factory. Over 99 per cent of the cheese in 1910 

 was made in factories. The total production was 

 105,584,947 pounds, valued at $14,250,000 in 1909. 

 The making of cheese is likely to continue to decline. 

 The distribution of cheese factories is much more 

 bunched than is the creameries. In 1914 there were 

 995 factories, placing the State second in rank in 

 number. New York is also second in total produc- 

 tion of cheese. Wisconsin is first with 1720 fac- 

 tories. 



The two centers of cheese production, of nearly 

 equal size, are the five southwest counties and a broad 

 belt reaching southward from the Canadian line in 

 the St. Lawrence Valley to near the southern bound- 

 ary of the State by way of the Chenango and the 

 TJnadilla valleys. There are very few cheese fac- 

 tories outside of those regions. The two largest mar- 

 ket centers for cheese are W-atertown, in Jefferson 

 County, and Cuba in Allegany County. 



To the uninformed, the word cheese usually means 

 the common American Cheddar or hard cheese. 

 The history of the development of this product is 

 very thoroughly wrapped up with the history of dairy- 

 ing in New York. The rise of the industry was based 



