OUTLOOK 357 



population of great cities, tiiat the smaller places will 

 show a relatively increasiug development. It is be- 

 ginning to be realized that it is uneconomical to trans- 

 port heavy supplies into a lew great cities and to herd 

 workers in them and then send the completed prod- 

 ucts back again whence the materials came. Thous- 

 ands of carloads of print paper go into New York 

 City to be sent out again to the west and south and 

 north. Probably there will be a tendency for manu- 

 facturing plants to move to positions of more equal 

 distributing ability and of less pressure. There will 

 be a gradual urbanizing of the country, and a counter 

 effect of ruralizing the cities. At present there is 

 likely to be contest between urban and rural commu- 

 nities, but essentially these interests are common and 

 the force of events must bring them closer together. 

 Otherwise there is no prosperity for either. 



Undoubtedly there will be a larger development of 

 what may be called state farming, to utilize areas 

 that cannot respond to private enterprise and from 

 which the returns are matters of more than one gen- 

 eration. The present theory of utilizing swamp 

 areas is to drain them in order to make them hard 

 land for the tilling of ordinary farm crops. It is 

 not unlikely that some of them can be better utilized 

 in the future for the growing of swamp crops, as in 

 some other countries, and for making water areas for 

 the rearing of food fish. In either case, the utiliza- 

 tion of vast areas now waste will require the powers 

 of the State. 



The present situation as to the scarcity and high 



