388 NINETEENTH CENTURY. 



CHAPTER XXXVIII. 



SCIENCE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY (CONTINUED). 



The three Naturalists, Lamarck, Cuvier, and GeofTroy St.-Hilaire — • 

 Cuvier begins the Museum of Comparative Anatomy — Lamarck's 

 History of Invertebrate Animals — Geoffroy St.-Hilaire brings Natural 

 History Collections from Egypt — Lamarck on the Development of 

 Animals — GeofTroy St.-Hilaire on * Homology,* or the similarity in 

 the parts of different Animals — Cuvier's * Regne Animal,' and his 

 Classification of Animals — Cuvier on the perfect agreement between 

 the different parts of an Animal — He studies and restores the re- 

 mains of Fossil Animals — His ' Ossemens Fossiles ' — Death of 

 Cuvier — Von Baer on the study of Embryology — His History of the 

 Development of Animals, 1828. 



Lamarck — Cuvier — St.-Hilaire.— When Humboldt visited 

 Paris in 1804 there were three men holding professorships 

 in the Museum of Natural History in that city, who had 

 afterwards a great influence upon the study of the science 

 of living beings. These three men were Lamarck, pro- 

 fessor of zoology; Geoffroy St.-Hilaire, his fellow-professor; 

 and Cuvier, assistant-professor of comparative anatomy. 



The early part of the nineteenth century was, as you 

 will remember, a very troubled time for France. The first 

 Napoleon was carrying war and desolation all over Europe, 

 and Paris was kept in a constant state of turmoil for many 

 years. During all this time it is interesting to see how 

 steadily and quietly the three men I have mentioned pur- 

 sued their search after knowledge. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire 



