78 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. XIV, 



the Polar Sea, and on the Greenland coast, either living or 

 recently extinct, from about Lat. 78 on the western side north- 

 ward to and around the northern end of Greenland to about 

 latitude 75 N. on the east coast. 



As early as 1853 Dr. Kane found recent remains of Musk- 

 Oxen in the vicinity of Rensselaer Bay, west coast of Greenland, 

 in latitude 78 41' N. (Arctic Expl., Vol. II, pp. 80 and 456), and 

 later Dr. Hayes and subsequent explorers discovered similar re- 

 mains near Foulke Fiord, somewhat further south (Lat.78 18' N.). 

 According to Kane, living animals were seen near Cape George 

 Russell as late as the spring of 1850 (/. c., p. 459), while Hayes 

 reports ( Voy. Towards the North Pole, 1886, p. 390) that two were 

 seen and one killed by an Eskimo hunter near Wolstenholme 

 Sound in the winter of 1859. In July, 1892, Peary killed Musk- 

 Oxen in northernmost Greenland, at Independence Bay, and again 

 at the same place in 1895, but beyond a ' headpiece ', giving a 

 very good front view of the skull (Northward over the Great 

 Ice, I, 1898, p. 329 ), and reproductions of indistinct photo- 

 graphs, almost valueless as to details (/. c., pp. 337 and 339 ), and 

 some very good photographs of similar subjects taken in 1895 

 (/. ., Vol. II, pp. 472, 475, 477)? we have nothing tending to 

 show their external features, either in text or figures. The figure 

 of the skull in Vol. I ( p. 329), here reproduced (Fig. 5), shows 

 the form of the horns to be as in the Bache Peninsula specimens, 1 

 and the second series of pictures of dead Musk-Oxen ( Vol. II, 

 /. c.) illustrate admirably the white face-mark, which forms so 

 distinctive a feature of the coloration. The picture of a wounded 

 old bull (II, p. 472), gives a front view of the head, in which 

 the white face-mark and the generally light color of the head are 

 admirably shown. This is supplemented by a side view (/. <:., 

 473 ), and a view of a dead Musk-Ox lying on its right side, 

 giving a clear view of the dorsal aspect of the whole animal, both 

 of which show the same feature. There is also ( /. <:., p. 486 ) 

 a view in profile of a living Musk-calf. a While no specimens 

 from northeast Greenland are available for examination, these 



1 Compare Schwatka's figures of the Barren Ground Musk-Oxen in his ' A Nimrod in the 

 North ' ( 1885), plate facing p. 105. 



3 Through the kindness of the Frederick A. Stokes Company of New York City, publishers 

 of Mr. Peary's ' Northward over the " Great Ice." ' I am able to here reproduce four of Mr. 

 Peary's illustrations (see Fig. 5 and Plates XVI and XVII). 



