1902.] Allen, Zimmermann s ' Zoologia>. Geographies,' etc. 15 



As evidence that the two works were issued simultaneously, 

 in addition to the date they each bear, neither author cites 

 the other, while Zimmermann in his second and later work 

 not only cites Erxleben constantly, but adopts his nomencla- 

 ture, even, as already said, where it conflicts with that of the 

 ' Zoologiae Geographicae. ' Besides, both authors cite Schre- 

 ber's ' Saugethiere ' to about the same point. 



In deciding what names are to be construed in a vernacular 

 sense and what in a technical sense, in the case of the ' Zoolo- 

 giae,' great aid is rendered by Zimmermann 's index to the 

 work, which appears to have been prepared with care, and 

 which apparently clearly distinguishes whether a name is 

 employed in a vernacular or in a technically nomenclatural 

 sense. Further aid is furnished by the key to his map. 



The ' Zoologies Geographicae ' is divided into four chapters, 

 each treating of different aspects of the general subject. 

 Chapter III is systematic and corresponds to the ' Verzeich- 

 niss' portion of Volume II of the ' Geographische Geschichte,' 

 although some new names are given in other parts of the work. 



Following is a list of the new binomial names appearing in 

 both of Zimmermann 's works, with their recognized equiva- 

 lents. Those in current use, or entitled to adoption, are 

 distinguished by being printed in heavy-faced type. 



I. 'ZOOLOGIZE GEOGRAPHIC^. ' 



Dama virginiana (pp. 351 (in text) and 532, index, and map) =[Cervus 

 dama] americanus Erxleben, 1777 (if Erxleben's name be citable) 

 =Cervus virginianus Boddaert, 1784. As shown by Zimmer- 

 mann's Geogr. Gesch., II, 1780, p. 129, the name is adopted 

 from Ray, and is based on Lawson and Pennant. (See further 

 remarks on this question below, p. 18). 



Bos gnou (p. 372)=Antilope gnou Zimmermann, 1780 (Geogr. Gesch., 

 II, p. io2)=;Connochetes gnou (Zimm.). 



Viverra fossana (p. 385, footnote); indexed as Fossana. =Viverra 

 fossa Schreber, pi. CXIV, 1776 (plate name). 



Vespertilio canadensis (p. 4 5 7)= Vespertilio borealis Mutter, 1776 = 

 Vespertilio noveboracencis Erxleben, whose name Zimmermann 

 adopts in Geogr. Gesch., II, 1780, p. 418. 



Dasypus duodecim-cingulus (p. 467)=Dasypus duodecimcinctus 

 Schreber, 1776 (plate name). 



