412 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. XX, 



on the open lands and can hardly be driven into the forest. 

 It is much more difficult to designate the mammalia of the 

 damp forest, because all of them wander into the dry forest 

 where the trees are high and thick enough ; such as the mon- 

 keys, the spotted Felidae, various tree-loving carnivora, such 

 as the kinkajou, sloths, opossums, all the deer with un- 

 branched horns, wild hogs, and tapirs ; the herbivorous spe- 

 cies sometimes enter the open lands, but generally at night. 

 The great anteater and tamandua seem to wander indifferently 

 in both kinds of forest, but the little tamandua belongs in the 

 damp forest, as does the sloth. Among rodents, pacas and 

 squirrels may be assigned to the damp forest, as may many 

 rats; agoutis seem to live indifferently wherever they have 

 shade and food; capivaras belong to the river-plains. The 

 land-shells and insects of the two kinds of forest are strongly 

 contrasted. Among the latter, for example, Hypocephalus 

 inhabits the dry-forest region of Bahia ; it is a remarkable beetle 

 combining the characters of many families; Leconte and 

 Horn regard it as an archaic type. 



I have already called attention to the semi-insular char- 

 acter of the Sierra Nevada, and this region also includes the 

 San Lorenzo Mountains; with such conditions we may 

 naturally look for some peculiar species. To some extent the 

 collections already made bear out this supposition; certain 

 mammalia, birds, insects, and land-shells are known only 

 from this region. But we cannot speak confidently about 

 them until we have larger collections from adjoining dis- 

 tricts, and especially from the Black Andes. It is even possi- 

 ble that some plants may be peculiar to the Santa Marta 

 region. My own large collection of phanerogams and ferns 

 includes several hundred species not previously known. But 

 plants are readily distributed by their seeds, and they are not 

 likely to be limited by narrow valleys; probably most or all 

 of these species will eventually be found in the Black Andes. 



Following is a list of the principal localities marked on my 

 labels. Our hunters often made long excursions and we 

 could not tell accurately the altitudes from which specimens 

 were brought ; the figures given are approximate only. 



