116 EQUINE ANATOMY. 



border of the levator humeri ; downwards to the front 

 of the shoulder, then turns upwards under the cervical 

 trapezium muscle and terminates in the dorsal portion 

 of the same; while it gives several muscular branches, 

 it receives some from the first, second, tliird, fourth 

 and fifth, and sometimes sixth, cervical pairs. 



12. Gkeat hypoglossus. — Origin: from the inferior 

 face of the bulb, by twelve roots, which run through 

 the dura mater by two or three fasciculi and then 

 unite into one trunk. Course : after first communi- 

 cating with the first cervical pair, it passes between the 

 tenth and eleventh cranial pairs, runs downwards 

 alongside the guttural pouches, communicates with 

 the superior cervical ganglion, goes outside the exter- 

 nal carotid on the side of the pharynx and larynx, dips 

 between the mylo-hyoideus and basio-glossus and ter- 

 minates in the tongue. 



Sympathetic IVerve— Cephalic portion is composed 

 of three ganglions : the ophtlialmic, resting on the 

 common oculo-motor nerve, is very small ; the spheno- 

 palatine or ganglion of Meckel, varying in disposition, 

 generally found under the superior maxillary nerve, it 

 is the largest of the three ; the otic or ganglion of 

 Arnold, not always present ; when it exists, it is inside 

 the origin of tlie inferior maxillary nerve. 



