120 EQUINE ANATOMY. 



tlie occipital ; beliind are two piano convex facets for 

 articulation with the axis ; it has no superior spinous 

 process, but a rough surface ; its transverse processes 

 are very wide and have three foramina. Development : 

 six nuclei of ossification. 



Second^ or axis. — The longest of all ; has no head but 

 the odontoid process ; the inferior spinous process is 

 fiharp ; the superior thick and bifid behind ; the trans- 

 verse process is sharp and has a single tubercle ; it 

 iias no articular facets forward, and shows a deep 

 notch sometimes a foramen in front of the body. 



Third. The space between the anterior and posterior 

 articular processes is deep. 



Fourth. These are then united by a thin edge. 



Fifth. There by a rough, thick crest. In all three 

 the transverse processes are bitubercular. 



Sixth. Transverse processes tritubercular. 



Seventh, or prominent has a superior spinous process 

 VQvy high, no inferior one, a concave facet on the 

 border of tlie posterior cavity ; the transverse processes 

 are unitubercular ; no trachelian foramen ; the vertebral 

 canal is very large. 



SYIVDESMOLOGY. 



General articulations. — That of body : Amphiar- 

 thosis. Articular surfaces : Head and cavity of the 



